Index Diachronica: involving /ʃ/

266 results from /ʃ/   491 results to /ʃ/   46 results with context involving /ʃ/   

from /ʃ/

266 matches

6 Afro-Asiatic6.1 Proto-Afro-Asiatic to Proto-Omoticdz ʃ tʃ → ʒ s1 s2
dʒ → tʃ → ʃ
ʃ → s2 / {i,j}_
6.1.1.1 North Omotic to Benchtʃ → ts
6.1.1.7 North Omotic to Yemsatʃ ʒ → ʔj s
6.1.2.1 South Omotic to Aaritʃ → ts
6.1.2.2 South Omotic to Dimetʃ → ts
6.2 Proto-Afro-Asiatic to Proto-Erythreantʃ dʒ → ts dz
6.2.1.1.2 Proto-Agaw to Blin{ts,tʃ} z dz → ʃ d dʒ
6.2.1.1.3 Proto-Agaw to Kemantney{ts,tʃ} dz → ʃ dʒ
6.2.1.1.4 Proto-Agaw to Xamtangats tʃ dz → sʼ tʃʼ z
6.2.2.1.2 Proto-Boreafrasian to Egypto-Berber{ʃ,ts,z} dz tʃ {tʼ,tʃʼ} dʒ → s z ts tsʼ dʒ
6.2.2.1.5 Proto-Semitic to Classical Arabicʃ → s
6.2.2.1.7 Classical Arabic to Egyptian Arabic{{s,z}(ˤ),ʒ}ʃ → ʃː
7 Algonquian7.1 Proto-Algonquian to Kennebec River Abenakiʃ tʃ → s ts
7.2 Proto-Algonquian to St. Francis Abenakiʃ tʃ → s ts
7.3 Proto-Algonquian to Proto-Arapaho-Atsinatʃ → ʃ / _p
tʃ → θ
7.3.1 Proto-Arapaho-Atsina to Arapahoʃ m → x w / _B
ʃ m → x w / B_#
ʃ m → x b / o(ː)_e(ː)
ʃ k m → s tʃ b / _{E,j}
ʃ k m → s tʃ b / E_#
7.3.2 Proto-Arapaho-Atsina to Gros Ventreʃ θ m → θ t w / _o(ː)
ʃ θ m k → θ t b tʃ / _e(ː)
ʃ {θ,t} m k → s ts tʲ bʲ / _{i(ː),j,#}
7.4 Proto-Algonquian to Blackfoot{θ,tʃ,ʃ,r} → t / unless adjacent to another consonant
{ʃ,tʃ} → s / #_
ntʃ → ʔt
θp tʃp ʃp → {x,sː} ʔp sːp
ʃ → x / _k
7.5 Proto-Algonquian to Cheyenneʃ tʃ → {ʃ,x} s
7.6 Proto-Algonquian to Northern East Creeʃjeː → seː
(t)ʃp → sp
{q,ʃ} → s / _t
{n,q,h}ʃ {n,q,h}l → s {h,j,hj}
7.7 Proto-Algonquian to Southern East Creeʃjeː → ʃeː
(t)ʃp → sp
{q,ʃ} → s / _t
{n,q,h}ʃ {n,q,h}l → ʃ l
ʃ → {ʃ,s} / in inland varieties; remains /ʃ/ in coastal varieties
tʃ → ts
7.8 Proto-Algonquian to Plains Creeʃjeː → seː
(t)ʃp → sp
{q,ʃ} → s / _t
{n,q,h}ʃ {n,q,h}l → s {h,j,hj}
ʃ tʃ → s ts
7.9 Proto-Algonquian to Swampy Creeʃjeː → ʃeː
(t)ʃp → sp
{q,ʃ} → s / _t
{n,q,h}ʃ {n,q,h}l → ʃ l
ʃ → s / in West Swampy Cree (remains /ʃ/ in East Swampy Cree)
tʃ → ts
7.10 Proto-Algonquian to Woods Cree(t)ʃp → sp
{q,ʃ} → s / _t
{n,q,h}ʃ {n,q,h}l → s {h,j,hj}
ʃ tʃ → s ts
7.11 Proto-Algonquian to Munsee Delawaretʃ → t / in nouns
{θ,ʃ} → {r,l}
θ ʃ x → x s h / _{p,k}
{tʃ,ç} → h / _k
7.12 Proto-Algonquian to Menomineeʃ tʃ → s ts
7.13 Proto-Algonquian to Miami-Illinoistʃ → t / in nominal suffixes
{θ,ʃ,tʃ,ç,x,ʔ} → h / _C
hs hʃ → sː ʃː / sporadic, usually {#,V[+front]}_
VNs VNʃ → V[+nas]z V[+nas]ʒ / not universal?
s ʃ → ⁿs ⁿʃ / U[-nas] (highly sporadic)
7.14 Proto-Algonquian to Mi’kmaqtʃ → ʃ / ! C_
n{θ,l} h{θ,ʃ} → ∅ s
ʔ{θ,ʃ} ʔl → s ∅
ʃ → s
7.16 Proto-Algonquian to Piscataway{θ,ʃ} → ɬ (conjectured based on 〈z〉 in the Piscataway source and on the lack of voicing in the original reconstructed sounds)
7.17 Proto-Algonquian to Shawnee{h,s,tʃ,θ} → ʔ / _O
ʃ → s “(for many speakers)”
8 Altaic8.1 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Japonictʃ dʒ → t d / #_
tʃ → s / maybe ! _#?
{ʃ,z} → s
8.2 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Korean{ʃ,z} → s
8.3 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Mongolictʃ → dʒ / #_i
tʃ → d / #
ʃ → tʃ / #_a
ʃ → s / else
8.5 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Turkic{t,tʃ} → d / #_
ʃ → tʃ / #_a
ʃ → s
{N,l,r,ʃ,z} → ∅ / #_
8.5.1.1 Proto-Kypchak to Kazakhtʃ → ʃ
8.5.2 Proto-Turkic to Sakhad s {ʃ,z} → t ∅ s / V_V
{z,ʃ} → h
9 Austroasiatic9.1.2 Proto-Vietic to Middle Vietnamesetʃ → Ω (This is my own notation. I don’t have a clue what the intermediate form was; became something else in different dialects)
11 Northeast Caucasian11.1.3 Proto-Avar-Andic to Avartʃ tʃː tʃːʼ dʒ → ts(?) tʃ tʃ(ː)ʼ tsʼ
11.2 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Dargitʃ tʃː dʒ → {tsʼ,tʃʼ} ʒ ts
ʃ ʃː ɬ ɬː → {s,ʃ} ʃ xʲ {xʲ,ʃ}
11.3 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Khinalug{tʃ(ː),dʒ} → tʃʼ
11.4 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Laktʃ tʃː dʒ → {ts,tʃ} {tsʼ,tʃʼ} tʃ(ː)ʼ
ʃ ɬ ɬː → s {xʲ,ʃ} xː
11.5.2 Proto-Lezgic to Architʃ(ː) dʒ → ʃ tʃ
11.5.4 Proto-Lezgic to Rutultʃ tʃː tʃːʼ → {ʃ,tʃ} ʃ tʃ
11.5.5 Proto-Lezgic to Tabassarantʃ tʃː tʃːʼ → {ʃ,tʃ} {tʃ,dʒ} {tʃː,tʃʼ}(?)
11.5.6 Proto-Lezgic to Uditʃ tʃː tʃʼ tʃːʼ dʒ → {∅,ʃ} tʃ ∅ tʃʼ {dʒ,tʃ}
11.7 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Proto-Tsezictʃ {tʃː,dʒ} → ʃ tʃ (the change of *tʃːʼ is conjectured for Bezhta, as the change is only listed in Tsez, but given the development of *tsːʼ I don’t find it unreasonable to put it here)
11.7.2 Proto-Tsezic to Tsezsː ʃ ʃː ɬ ɬː x → s ʒ ʃ l ɬ ɣ
12 Northwest Caucasian12.1 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Proto-Abazgitʃ(ʼ) dʒ → tsʲ(ʼ) dzʲ
ʃ(~ʃː) ʒ → sʲ sʲ
12.2 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Proto-Circassiantʃ tʃʼ dʒ dʑ → s tsʲʼ(?) dz~z dʑ~ʑ
ʃ(~ʃː) → s
12.2.1 Proto-Circassian to Adyghetʃ tɕ → ʃ ʂ
12.2.1.3 Adyghe to Shapsug Adyghetsʲ(ː) tsʷ tʃ tɕ → tɕ tʃʷ ʃ ʂ
12.2.2 Proto-Circassian to Kabardiantsʲ(ː) tsʷ {tʃ,tɕ} → ɕ f ʃ
sʷ zʷ {ʃ,ʂ} {ʑ,ʐ,ɣʲ} ʑ χʲ → f v ɕ ʑ ʑ~ʒ χ
12.3 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Ubykhtʃ(ʼ) dʒ → ts(ʼ) dz
ʃ(~ʃː) ʒ → s z
14 Elamo-Dravidian14.1 Proto-Elamo-Dravidian to Proto-Dravidiank ʃk → k* kː / V_V (the asterisk-marked k is what McAlpin terms “weak k”, which tends to drop out in morphology)
15 Eskimo-Aleut15.2.2 Proto-Eskimo to Greenlandic Iñupiaqdʒ → tʃ → s / “in certain positions” (except for Thule Greenlandic, where dʒ → tʃ and stayed there, apparently)
17 Indo-European17.2.4 Common Anatolian to Lydianʃ → s
17.6 Proto-Indo-European to Dacian{kʷ,kw} {ɡʷ,ɡw} → tʃ dʒ (→ s~z z ?) / _E
17.7.2.1.8 Old English to Northern Middle Englishj tʃ → ɡ k
ʃ → s / in unstressed syllables
17.8.2 Proto-Indo-European to Attic Greektʃ → t / #_
tʃ → tː / medial
17.8.6 Proto-Indo-European to Doric Greektʃ → t / #_
tʃ → tː / medial
17.8.8 Proto-Indo-European to Ionic Greektʃ → s / #_
tʃ → sː / medial
17.10 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Indo-Iranianptʃ → pʃ
ttʃ ddʒʱ → t.ʃ d.ʒʱ
tʃʃ → ʃː
17.10.1 Proto-Indo-Iranian to Proto-Indo-Aryanʃ ʒ → ʂ ʐ
tʃ dʒ(ʱ) → tɕ dʑ(ʱ) → ɕ ɟ(ʱ)
17.11.1 Proto-Slavic to Polishʃi ʒi tʃi dʒi ɕi ʑi → ʂɨ ʐɨ ʈʂɨ ɖʐɨ tsɨ ʒɨ
ʃ ʒ tʃ dʒ ɕ ʑ → ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ɖʐ ts ʒ
17.12.1.1.5 Latin to Portuguesekl → kʎ → tʃ → ʃ / #_
17.12.1.1.6 Vulgar Latin to Old Provençaltʃ → ts (sometimes)
tʃ → ts → s / #_
tʃs → {ts,tʃ} (varies)
tʃ → i / _C
tʃ → i / C_
tʃ → jdz → jz / V_V (in the south and northwest)
tʃ → dz → z / V_V (otherwise)
p k tʃ b ɡ β j → b ɡ i {b,u,u→y→i} ∅ {u,u→y→i} i / _r
{tʃ(ː),kʷ}j → ts
l{tj,tʃj} ldʒ → lts ldz → uts udz → us uz
{ntʃj,ndj} → nts → ns
pj → ptʃ → tʃ (except in western and some southern dialects)
rtʃj → rts (→ rs ?)
{sːj,stʃj,stj} → ʃ → is (except in the west or extreme east, where the outcome was some flavor of (i)(t)ʃ)
tj → tʃ → dj → djʒ (?) → dz (in the north and west) or idz (in the south and east)—medial (i)dz became (i)z; i-less forms “prevail in the literary language” and seem to have become common if the dz follows the stress
ndt ndtʃ ntʃ nkt nf → n{d,t} {nts,ndz(→ nz),ndʒ} n(t)s {ɲ,(i)nt,ntʃ} {nf,fː(→ f)}
rtʃ rdtʃ → r(t)s {rdz(→ rz),rts,rdʒ}
stʃ → s (in some northern and northeastern dialects)
stʃ → (i)(t)ʃ (for western and extreme eastern regions)
stʃ → is (otherwise)
βtʃ → u{ts,dz} → u{s,z}
ktʃ → (i)tʃ (in western and extreme eastern dialects)
ktʃ → its → is (else)
tʃ k → {i,s} {∅,k} / _m
{tʃ,k}t ɡd → tʃ dʒ (else)
dtʃ → ts (in Auvergne and some western areas)
dtʃ → dʒ (for some southeastern and southwestern speakers)
dtʃ → dz → z (else)
ks → ʃ → s / _m
17.12.1.1.10 Vulgar Latin to Spanishk ɡ → tʃ dʒ → ts dz / _{j,i,e,ɛ}
ʃ → {x,χ}
18 Je-Tupı́-Carib18.4.9.1.2 Proto-Monde to Proto-Cinta Larga-Suruí-Zorótʃ → ʃ
18.4.9.1.5 Proto-Cinta Larga-Suruí-Zoró to Zoróʃ → tʃ (sporadic, areal feature from Gavião influence)
19 Kartvelian19.2 Proto-Kartvellian to Svanɬ ʃ ʂ → l {sɡ,ʃɡ} ʃ
tʃ ʈʂ tɬʼ tʃʼ ʈʂʼ → {tʃk,ʃɡ} tʃ h {ʃkʼ,tʃʼkʼ} tʃʼ
19.3 Proto-Kartvelian to Zanɬ ʃ ʂ → ∅ {sk,ʃk} ʃ
tʃ ʈʂ {tɬʼ,ʈʂʼ} tʃʼʼ → tʃk tʃ tʃʼ {tsʼkʼ,tʃʼkʼ}
22 Macro-Arawakan22.2 Proto-Arawá to Banawá-Jamamadi{ts(ʰ),tʃ} dz → s ɟ
22.4 Proto-Arawá to Jarawara{ts(ʰ),tʃ} → s
22.5 Proto-Arawá to Kulína-Denítʃ → ʃ (?)
23 Macro-Chibchan23.1.1.1.6 Proto-Chibchan to Tunebots tʃ → tʃ s
25 Macro-Panoan25.1.2 Proto-Tacanan to Chamatʃ → s / _i
25.1.3 Proto-Tacanan to Reyesanotʃ ɕ → ts ʃ
25.1.4 Proto-Tacanan to Tacanatʃ → ts / _E
27 Mayan27.4 Proto-Mayan to Ixileantʃ → ʈʂ
27.7 Proto-Mayan to Mameantʃ → ʈʂ
r t tʃ ʃ → t tʃ ʈʂ ʂ
28 Muskogean28.1.1 Proto-Eastern Muskogean to Alabamaʃ → ts
28.1.2 Proto-Eastern Muskogean to Creekʃ → ts
28.1.3 Proto-Eastern Muskogean to Hitchitiʃ → ts
28.1.4 Proto-Eastern Muskogean to Korasatiʃ → ts
28.1.5 Proto-Eastern Muskogean to Mikasuritʃ → s / _C ! _k
ʃ x → ts h
28.1.6 Proto-Eastern Muskogean to Seminoleʃ x → ts h
28.2 Proto-Muskogean to Proto-Western Muskogeants tʃ → s ts
29 Na-Dene29.1 Proto-Na-Dene to Proto-Athabaskan-Eyak{s,ʃ} → ∅ / _x
29.1.1 Proto-Athabaskan-Eyak to Proto-Athabaskanʃ → {ʂ,ʐ}
29.1.1.1.1 Proto-Athabaskan to Ahtna{ʃ(ʷ),x} → s
29.1.1.1.8 Proto-Athabaskan to Dena’ina{ʃ(ʷ),x {z,ʒ(ʷ),ɣ} → s j
29.1.1.1.13 Proto-Athabaskan to Hupa{ʃ,ʒ} → w
29.1.1.1.20 Proto-Southern Athabaskan to Proto-Eastern Southern Athabaskan{s,z}(ʔ) {ʃ,ʒ}(ʔ) {ɬ,ɮ}(ʔ) → s ʃ ɬ / _#
29.1.1.1.25 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to Chiricahua{s,z}(ʔ) {ʃ,ʒ}(ʔ) {ɬ,ɮ}(ʔ) → s ʃ ɬ / _#
29.1.1.1.27 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to Navajo{s,z}(ʔ) {ʃ,ʒ}(ʔ) {ɬ,ɮ}(ʔ) → s ʃ ɬ / _#
29.1.1.1.28 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to San Carlos{s,z}(ʔ) {ʃ,ʒ}(ʔ) {ɬ,ɮ}(ʔ) → s ʃ ɬ / _#
29.1.1.1.37 Proto-Athabaskan to Tanacrossʃ → h / in the “1sg subject prefix”
29.1.1.1.39 Proto-Athabaskan to Upper Tananaʃ → h / in the “1sg subject prefix”
29.2 Proto-Na-Dene to Tlingitʃ → {ʃ,s} : ɬ
tʃ → {tʃ,ts} : tɬ
30 Niger-Congo30.1.1.2 Proto-Bantu to Tswana{p,t,tʃ,k} {mp,nt,ɲtʃ,nk} {(m)b,(n)d,(ɲ)dʒ,(n)ɡ} {m,n} → s tsʰ ts ɲ / _iV
{tʃ,k} {ntʃ,nk,r} {ɲdʒ,nɡ} mp mb p b {d,l} m n → s tsʰ ts tʃʰ(w) tʃ(w) ʃ(w) dʒ(w) dʒ ŋw ɲ / _{ɪ,e}V
{p,t,tʃ,k} {mp,nt,ɲtʃ,nk} {(m)b,(n)d,(ɲ)dʒ,(n)ɡ} {m,n,ɲ} → sw tsʰw tsw ɲw / _iV
{tʃ,k} {ɲtʃ,nk} {ndʒ,nɡ} → s tsʰ ts / _{i,ɪ,e}
mp nt ɲtʃ nk mp nd ɲdʒ nɡ → pʰ tʰ tɬʰ qʰ p t tɬ k
p t tʃ k {dʒ,ɡ} ɲ → h r tɬʰ χ ∅ n
32 Oto-Manguean32.1.1 Proto-Chatino to Papabuco Chatino{c,tʃ} → ʃ
32.1.2 Proto-Chatino to Tataltepec Chatinotʃ → c
ʃ → s
32.1.3 Proto-Chatino to Yaitepec Chatinotʃ → ts / a_
ʃ → s / _{ik,e,ı̃,ẽ}
ʃ → ts / _i, in monosyllables
33 Penutian33.1.1 Proto-Utian to Proto-Costanoan (Ohlone)ʃ → h
tʃ → ʂ / _#
33.1.1.2 Proto-Utian to Proto-Miwokkʷ ʃ → w ʂ
33.2.2 Proto-Wintuan to Patwintʃ tʃʰ tʃʼ → t tʰ tʼ
33.2.3 Proto-Wintuan to South Patwintʃ tʃʰ tʃʼ → t tʰ tʼ
33.3.2.2.4 Valley Yokuts to Chukchansitʃ tʃʰ tʃʼ → ts tsʰ tsʼ
33.3.2.2.6 Valley Yokuts to Yawelmaniʃ → s
tʃ tʃʰ tʃʼ → ts tsʰ tsʼ (except in “lexicalized diminutives”, where these go to ʈʂ ʈʂʰ ʈʂʼ)
34 Quechumaran34.1 Proto-Quechumaran to Ayachucots(h) tʃh → tʃ s
ʃ ʂ → s h
34.2 Proto-Quechumaran to Boliviats {tsh,tʃh} → tʃ tʃʰ
tʃ → ʃ / _q
ʃ → s
34.3 Proto-Quechumaran to Cuzcotʃ → s / _q
tʃh → s / _E
{tʃh,tʃʼ} → tʃ
ʃ ʂ → s h
34.4 Proto-Quechumaran to Huarásts(h) tʃ → tʃ ts
tʃ → ts / _q
34.6 Proto-Quechumaran to Quitotʃ → ʃ / _q
tʃh → ʃ
34.7 Proto-Quechumaran to Riobambatʃh → ʃ
34.8 Proto-Quechumaran to Santiagotʃ → ʃ / _q
ʃ → s / ! i_i or _S
34.9 Proto-Quechumaran to Tenatʃ → ʃ / _C
tʃh → ʃ
35 Salishan35.1.2 Proto-Central Salish to Chilliwack Halkomelemts(ʼ) tʃ(ʼ) → θ(ʼ) ts(ʼ)
35.1.3 Proto-Central Salish to Cowichan Halkomelemts(ʼ) tʃ(ʼ) → θ(ʼ) ts(ʼ)
35.1.4 Proto-Central Salish to Musqueam Halkomelemts(ʼ) tʃ(ʼ) → θ(ʼ) ts(ʼ)
35.1.5 Proto-Central Salish to Klallamtʃ → ts
35.1.8 Proto-Central Salish to Lummi Northern Straitstʃ → s
35.1.9 Proto-Central Salish to Saanich Northern Straitstʃ → s
35.1.11 Proto-Central Salish to Sooke Northern Straitstʃ → s
36 Sino-Tibetan36.3.3.1 Old Tibetan to Amdo dialectsʃ → x / #_ (some dialects, never when following preinitials)
37 Siouan-Iroquoian37.1 Proto-Siouan-Iroquoian to Proto-Iroquoianʃ θ → s t
37.1.2.3 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Onondagaʃ → s
t tʃ k(ʷ) → d dʒ ɡ(ʷ) / _{V,R}
37.1.2.4.1 Proto-Mohawk-Oneida to Mohawk— t tʃ k(ʷ) → d dʒ ɡ(ʷ) / _{V,R}
37.1.2.4.2 Proto-Mohawk-Oneida to Oneidat tʃ k(ʷ) → d dʒ ɡ(ʷ) / _{V,R}
37.2.6.3 Proto-Dhegiha to Osageʃ → s / ”V_k
38 Tai-Kadai38.1.1.3.2 Central Tai to Nungtʃ tʃʰ dʒ → ʃ tsʰ {ʃ,tʃ}
38.1.1.3.3 Central Tai to Taytʃ dʒ → {x,t} tʃ
38.1.1.4 Proto-Tai to North Tai{tʃ(ʰ),dʒ} → ʃ
40 Totozoquean40.1 Proto-Totozoquean to Proto-Mixe-Zoqueannʲ tʲ tʃ kʲ → n t s ts k
42 Uralic42.1.1 Pre-Finnic to Proto-Finnictʃ tsʲ → ʃ sʲ / #_
tʃ → ts / _k, in South Estonian
tʃ tʃː → t tʃ
ʃ → ʂ → x
44 Vasconic44.2 Proto-Basque to Basquej → ʝ → ʒ → ʃ → x (Guipuscoan, northwestern High Navarrese, eastern Biscayan)
45 Yuman-Cochimı́45.1.1 Proto-Pai to Chapaitʃ → ʃ / _{w,i}
tʃ → ∅ / _xʷ
tʃ → s
45.1.2 Proto-Pai to Paipaiʃ ɬ → ʂ l
45.1.3 Proto-Pai to Tipaitʃ → ∅ / _xʷ

to /ʃ/

491 matches

6 Afro-Asiatic6.1 Proto-Afro-Asiatic to Proto-Omoticdʒ → tʃ → ʃ
6.1.1.1 North Omotic to Benchx2 s3 → ∅ ʃ / V_V
sx → ʃ
6.1.1.2 North Omotic to Dizinʒ → {tʃ,ts}
ts → tʃ / _i
sx → tʃ
s1 → ʃ
6.1.1.3 North Omotic to Kafas → ʃ / !V_
{s3,ʒ} → ʃ / #_
{ts,ʒ} → tʃ / V_
s3 → ʃ / V_V
6.1.1.4 North Omotic to Maalesx → ʃ
6.1.1.5 North Omotic to Shekkachos → ʃ / ! V_
ʒ → ʃ / #_
ts → ʃ / V_
s3 → ʃ / #_
s2 → ʃ
6.1.1.6 North Omotic to Wolayttax2 s3 → k ʃ / V_$#
s1 → ʃ
6.1.1.7 North Omotic to Yemsasx → ʃ
tʃʼ → tʃ
6.1.1.8 North Omotic to Zayse-Zergulla{s1,s3} → ʃ
s2 → tʃ / V_
6.1.2.1 South Omotic to Aaris1 s2 s3 → ʃ z tʃ
6.1.2.2 South Omotic to Dimets → ʃ / _i
s1 → ʃ
s2 s3 → tʃː tʃ / V_
6.2.1.1.2 Proto-Agaw to Blin{ts,tʃ} z dz → ʃ d dʒ
6.2.1.1.3 Proto-Agaw to Kemantney{ts,tʃ} dz → ʃ dʒ
6.2.2.1.2 Proto-Boreafrasian to Egypto-Berberk(w) → tʃ / #_Vt
6.2.2.1.5 Proto-Semitic to Classical Arabics → {ʃ,h} / in “anaphora and certain derivational prefixes. . .[t]his is common to many other Semitic languages as well”
ɬ → ʃ
6.2.2.1.11 Classical Arabic to Iraqi Arabick q → tʃ {ɡ,q} (ɡ is more common)
6.2.2.1.14 Classical Arabic to Moroccan Arabics → ʃ / if ʃ is somewhere in the stem after it
6.2.2.1.18 Proto-Semitic to Biblical Hebrewθ θˤ ð ɬ ɬˤ → ʃ ʃˤ z s sˤ
7 Algonquian7.3 Proto-Algonquian to Proto-Arapaho-Atsinaθ → ʃ / C_
θ h {s,m,n,r} → ʃ ∅ ʔ / _C
tʃ → ʃ / _p
7.3.1 Proto-Arapaho-Atsina to Arapahoʃ k m → s tʃ b / _{E,j}
ʃ k m → s tʃ b / E_#
7.3.2 Proto-Arapaho-Atsina to Gros Ventreʃ θ m k → θ t b tʃ / _e(ː)
7.5 Proto-Algonquian to Cheyenneʃ tʃ → {ʃ,x} s
7.6 Proto-Algonquian to Northern East Creek → tʃ / _i
7.7 Proto-Algonquian to Southern East Creeʃjeː → ʃeː
{n,q,h}ʃ {n,q,h}l → ʃ l
ʃ → {ʃ,s} / in inland varieties; remains /ʃ/ in coastal varieties
k → tʃ / _i
7.9 Proto-Algonquian to Swampy Creeʃjeː → ʃeː
{n,q,h}ʃ {n,q,h}l → ʃ l
7.11 Proto-Algonquian to Munsee Delawaret s → tʃ ʃ / in diminutives
7.13 Proto-Algonquian to Miami-Illinoist → tʃ / in diminutives
s → ʃ / _i (not universal)
s → ʃ / _iV
s ʃ → ⁿs ⁿʃ / U[-nas] (highly sporadic)
7.14 Proto-Algonquian to Mi’kmaqtʃ → ʃ / ! C_
7.17 Proto-Algonquian to Shawneer → ʃ / _O
8 Altaic8.2 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Korean{tʃʰ,dʒ} → tʃ
8.3 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Mongolict(ʰ) d → tʃ dʒ / _i
tʃʰ → tʃ
ʃ → tʃ / #_a
8.4 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Tungusictʰ tʃʰ → t tʃ
8.5 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Turkicʃ → tʃ / #_a
{d,n}ʲ sʲ → j ʃ / #_
8.5.1 Proto-Turkic to Proto-Kypchaks → tʃ / _Vtʃ
8.5.1.1 Proto-Kypchak to Kazakhtʃ → ʃ
10 Austronesian10.3.5.4.1 Proto-Northern to Nixumwak-Nêlêmwacʰ → {ʃ,jʰ}
10.3.11.1 Proto-Southern Vanuatu to Anejomd {c,*j} → tʃ s
l → tʃ / _{o,E}
11 Northeast Caucasian11.1.1 Proto-Avar-Andic to Akhvakh{ts,st} → tʃ
11.1.3 Proto-Avar-Andic to Avartʃ tʃː tʃːʼ dʒ → ts(?) tʃ tʃ(ː)ʼ tsʼ
s sː ɬː x xː → {s,ʃ} x ɬ {x,h} x
11.2 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Dargiʃ ʃː ɬ ɬː → {s,ʃ} ʃ xʲ {xʲ,ʃ}
11.4 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Laktʃ tʃː dʒ → {ts,tʃ} {tsʼ,tʃʼ} tʃ(ː)ʼ
ʃ ɬ ɬː → s {xʲ,ʃ} xː
11.5.1 Proto-Lezgic to Agul{ts,st} tsː tsːʼ stː dz → {s,ts} {ts,tʃ} tː s z
11.5.2 Proto-Lezgic to Archi{ts,st} tsː tsːʼ stː dz → s {s,ʃ} tsʼ sː ts
tʃ(ː) dʒ → ʃ tʃ
11.5.3 Proto-Lezgic to Lezghi{ts,st} tsː tsːʼ dz → {ʃ,tʃ} tʃ(ʼ) {tʃː,dʒ}
ʃː ɬ ɬː x xː → ɣʲ j ʃ ɣ x
11.5.4 Proto-Lezgic to Rutultʃ tʃː tʃːʼ → {ʃ,tʃ} ʃ tʃ
11.5.5 Proto-Lezgic to Tabassaran{ts,st} tsː tsːʼ → {s,ts} {ts,tʃ} tsː
tʃ tʃː tʃːʼ → {ʃ,tʃ} {tʃ,dʒ} {tʃː,tʃʼ}(?)
ɬ {ʃː,ɬː} xː → xʲ ʃ x
11.5.6 Proto-Lezgic to Udits tsː tsʼ tsːʼ dz → {∅,s} tʃ {∅,tsʼ} {tsʼ,tʃʼ} z
tʃ tʃː tʃʼ tʃːʼ dʒ → {∅,ʃ} tʃ ∅ tʃʼ {dʒ,tʃ}
11.6 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Nakhtsː tʃː → ts tʃ / #_
ʃː ɬː xː → ʃ ɬ x
11.7 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Proto-Tsezictʃ {tʃː,dʒ} → ʃ tʃ (the change of *tʃːʼ is conjectured for Bezhta, as the change is only listed in Tsez, but given the development of *tsːʼ I don’t find it unreasonable to put it here)
11.7.2 Proto-Tsezic to Tsezsː ʃ ʃː ɬ ɬː x → s ʒ ʃ l ɬ ɣ
12 Northwest Caucasian12.1 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Proto-Abazgitsʷː tsʷʲ → tsʷ (tʃ)
ɕ(ː) ʑ → ʃ ʒ (the change of singleton *ɕ to ʃ is marked as dubious)
tʃʷ(ʼ) tʃʷː dʒʷ → tʃ(ʼ) zʷ dzʷ~zʷ
ʃʷ ʃʷː ʒʷ → sʷ ʃ zʲ (this final change is marked as dubious)
tɕʷ(ʼ) tɕʷː → tʃ(ʼ) dʒ~ʒ
ɕʷ ɕʷː ʑʷ → ʃʷ ʃ ʒʷ
ɬʷ(ː) → ʃ
ɬʷʲ(~ɬʷː) → ʃ
12.1.2 Proto-Abazgi to Tapanta Abazaʃʷ ʒʷ ɕʷ ʑʷ → {ɕ(ʷ),ʃ(ʷ)} {ʑ(ʷ),ʒ(ʷ)} {ɕ(ʷ),ʃʷ} {ʑ(ʷ),ʒʷ}
{tʷ(ʼ),dʷ} → {tɕ(ʷ)(ʼ),tʃ(ʷ)(ʼ)} {dʒ(ʷ),dʑ(ʷ)}
12.2 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Proto-Circassianɕ(ː) ʑ → ʃ(ː) ʒ
ʃʷ(ː) ʒʷ → ʃ(ː) ʒ
tcʷ(ː) tɕʷʼ → tʃ(ː) tʃʼ
tɬʷ(ː) tɬʷʼ dɮʷ → tʃ(ː) tʃʼ ħ
12.2.1 Proto-Circassian to Adyghetʃ tɕ → ʃ ʂ
sʷ ɕ → ɕʷ~ʃʷ ɕ~ʃ
12.2.1.1 Adyghe to Abadzekh Adyghepː tː tsː tsʷ ʃː tʃː tɕː kʲː kʷː qː~qχ qʷː~qχʷ → p t ts tʃʷ ʃ ɕ tɕ tʃ kʷ qː qʷ
ʂː ʃː → ʂ ʃ
12.2.1.2 Adyghe to Bzhedug Adyghekʲ(ː) kʲʼ ɡʲ → tʃ(ː) tʃʼ dʑ
12.2.1.3 Adyghe to Shapsug Adyghetsʲ(ː) tsʷ tʃ tɕ → tɕ tʃʷ ʃ ʂ
pː tː tsː tsʷː ʃː tsː tcː kʲː kʷː qː~qχ qʷː~qχʷ → p t ts tʃʷ ʃ tʃ tɕ kʲ kʷ χ~q χʷ~qʷ
ʂː ʃː → ʂ ʃ
12.2.1.4 Adyghe to Temirgoy Adyghekʲ(ː) kʲʼ kʷː ɡʲ → tʃ tʃʼ kʷ dʑ
pː tː tsː tsʷː ʃː tʃː tɕː → p t ts tsʷʲ ʃ tʃ tɕ
ʂː ʃː → ʂ ʃ
12.2.2 Proto-Circassian to Kabardiantsʲ(ː) tsʷ {tʃ,tɕ} → ɕ f ʃ
kʲ → tʃ
12.3 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Ubykhʃʷ(ː) ʒʷ tʃʷ(ʼ) dʒ → ʃ ʒ tʃ(ʼ) dʒ
13 Chumashan13.2 Proto-Chumash to Cruzeñok → tʃ “(‘in certain cases’)”
13.4 Proto-Chumash to Obispeñoq k → {q,k} {k(ʃ),tʲ} (allophonic)
15 Eskimo-Aleut15.2.2 Proto-Eskimo to Greenlandic Iñupiaqdʒ → tʃ → s / “in certain positions” (except for Thule Greenlandic, where dʒ → tʃ and stayed there, apparently)
dʒ → tʃ / i_{u,i}
15.2.7 Proto-Eskimo to Siberian Yup’iks → ts → tʃ / in some dialects?
17 Indo-European17.1.1 Proto-Indo-European to Gheg Albanianḱ → {ts,tʃ} (“[a]rchaic relic”)
s → ʃ / V{i̯,u̯,r,k}_V
st → ʃt / medial
c ɟ → tʃ dʒ (for most speakers)
17.1.2 Proto-Indo-European to Tosk Albanianḱ → {ts,tʃ} (“[a]rchaic relic”)
s → ʃ / V{i̯,u̯,r,k}_V
st → ʃt / medial
c ɟ → tʃ dʒ (much less widespread than in Gheg)
17.2.4 Common Anatolian to Lydiand → tʃ / _{i,u}
s → ʃ / _{i,e}
s → ʃ / i_
17.4.1 Proto-Indo-European to Avestank(ʷ) ɡ(ʷ)(ʱ) → tʃ dʒ / _E
17.6 Proto-Indo-European to Dacian{kʷ,kw} {ɡʷ,ɡw} → tʃ dʒ (→ s~z z ?) / _E
17.7.2.1 West Germanic to Anglo-Frisiank ɡ → tʃ j(?)
17.7.2.1.1 Anglo-Frisian to Old Englishk ɣ ɡ → tʃ ʝ dʒ / “in certain complex circumstances”
17.7.2.1.4 Midlands Middle English to Early Modern Englishtj sj dj zj → tʃ ʃ dʒ ʒ / ! _uː (perhaps only before stressed uː?)
17.7.2.1.6 Early Modern English to Australian Englishsj zj lj → ʃ ʒ j~ɫj / else “(j~ɫj fluctuation is formality)”
tj dj → tʃ dʒ
17.7.2.1.9 Early Northern Middle English to Scotss → ʃ / _E (E_ also?)
17.7.2.1.10 Old English to Scotsdʒ → tʃ / _#
17.7.2.1.14 Anglo-Frisian to Old Frisiank ɡ → tʃ j / _E
17.7.2.3 Middle High German to Standard Germans → ʃ / #_{l,m,n,w,p,t}
s → ʃ / r_
17.7.2.4 High German Cosonant Shift and Umlauts → ʃ / #_{p,t}
sk → ʃ / #_
17.7.3.1.2 Old Norse to Orkney Norn{t,d}j → tʃ
hw hj → {w,ʍ} ʃ
sk → {sk,ʃ,ks}
s → ʃ / _Vr ?
17.7.3.1.3 Old Norse to Shetland Norntj → tʃ / _#
tj → ʃ
hj → ʃ
17.10 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Indo-Iranians → ʃ / {u,i,l,r,K,Ḱ}
ptʃ → pʃ
ttʃ ddʒʱ → t.ʃ d.ʒʱ
17.11 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Slavick ɡ x → tʃ ʒ ʃ / _{e(ː)(i),i(ː)}
sj zj → ʃ ʒ
kj ɡj xj → tʃ ʒ ʃ
17.11.2 Proto-Slavic to Old Russiantj dj → tʃ, ʒ
17.12.1.1.2 Latin to Catalansk → ʃ / V_{i,e}
ks → ʃ / V_V
stj → ʃ
sj ssj jn → js jʃ ɲ / V_V
j ɡj ts z n → tʃ i w s ∅ / _#
17.12.1.1.3 Latin to French— pj → tʃ
k ɡ → tʃ dʒ / _a
17.12.1.1.4 Vulgar Latin to Italiank ɡ → tʃ dʒ / _E
{skj,stj,sːj → ʃ
17.12.1.1.5 Latin to Portuguesepl → {ʃ,pr} / #_
fl → {ʃ,fr} / #_
{fl,skl} → ʃ
s → ʃ / V_C[-voiced]V
kl → kʎ → tʃ → ʃ / #_
ks ɡn tj → ʃ ɲ {z,s} / V_V (tj → s is learned)
sːj (m)nj lj rj → jʃ ɲʎ jr / V_V
sk k → jʃ z / V_{i,e}
17.12.1.1.6 Vulgar Latin to Old Provençalk ɡ → tʃ dʒ / _E
(s)k ɡ → (s)tʃ dʒ / #_a (in the north and northeast)
b {d,dz,dʒ} z ʒ ɡ → p {t,ts,tʃ} s ʃ k / _(s)#
tʃs → {ts,tʃ} (varies)
kː → tʃ / _a (in the east and northeast)
pj → ptʃ → tʃ (except in western and some southern dialects)
{sːj,stʃj,stj} → ʃ → is (except in the west or extreme east, where the outcome was some flavor of (i)(t)ʃ)
tj → tʃ → dj → djʒ (?) → dz (in the north and west) or idz (in the south and east)—medial (i)dz became (i)z; i-less forms “prevail in the literary language” and seem to have become common if the dz follows the stress
ndt ndtʃ ntʃ nkt nf → n{d,t} {nts,ndz(→ nz),ndʒ} n(t)s {ɲ,(i)nt,ntʃ} {nf,fː(→ f)}
stʃ → (i)(t)ʃ (for western and extreme eastern regions)
ktʃ → (i)tʃ (in western and extreme eastern dialects)
{tʃ,k}t ɡd → tʃ dʒ (else)
ksk → stʃ / _a (in the north and northeast)
ks → ʃ → s / _m
pk → ptʃ / _a
17.12.1.1.7 Vulgar Latin to Rhaeto-Romancek ɡ → tʃ dʒ / _a (note the similarity with some varieties of Old Provençal)
17.12.1.1.8 Latin to Romaniank ɡ → tʃ dʒ / _E
t d s → ts dz ʃ / _i
{sc,st} → ʃt / _F
s → ʃ / _kl
kj ɡj → tʃ {j,∅} (ɡj → ∅ is rare)
{sj,stj,sːj} → ʃ
17.12.1.1.10 Vulgar Latin to Spanishk ɡ → tʃ dʒ → ts dz / _{j,i,e,ɛ}
jt js → tʃ ʃ
kl pl → ʎ {ʎ,tʃ}
z̪ z ʒ → s̪ s ʃ
ʒ → ʃ
tɾ → {tɾ̥,tʃ,tʂ}
18 Je-Tupı́-Carib18.4.1 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Akwárat → tʃ / _{i,ı̃}
18.4.2 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Cocamat → tʃ / _{i,ı̃}
ʔ ts ŋ → ∅ {ts,tʃ} n
18.4.4 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Guaranít → tʃ / _{i,ı̃}
ts → {tʃ,∅}
18.4.5 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Guarayot → tʃ / _{i,ı̃}
ʔ ts → {ʔ,∅} {ts,tʃ}
18.4.6 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Kamayurát → tʃ / _{i,ı̃}
18.4.8 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Sirionót → {ts,tʃ} / _{i,ı̃}
ʔ ts → ∅ {s,ʃ}
j → {ɲ,tʃ} / else
18.4.9 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Classical Tupit → tʃ / _{i,ı̃}
ts → {s,ʃ}
18.4.9.1.2 Proto-Monde to Proto-Cinta Larga-Suruí-Zorótʃ → ʃ
18.4.9.1.5 Proto-Cinta Larga-Suruí-Zoró to Zoróʃ → tʃ (sporadic, areal feature from Gavião influence)
18.4.10 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Urubut → ʃ / _{i,ı̃}
k → {k,ʃ} / else
19 Kartvelian19.2 Proto-Kartvellian to Svank kʼ → {k,tʃ} {kʼ,tʃʼ}
ɬ ʃ ʂ → l {sɡ,ʃɡ} ʃ
tʃ ʈʂ tɬʼ tʃʼ ʈʂʼ → {tʃk,ʃɡ} tʃ h {ʃkʼ,tʃʼkʼ} tʃʼ
19.3 Proto-Kartvelian to Zanɬ ʃ ʂ → ∅ {sk,ʃk} ʃ
tʃ ʈʂ {tɬʼ,ʈʂʼ} tʃʼʼ → tʃk tʃ tʃʼ {tsʼkʼ,tʃʼkʼ}
20 Khoisan20.2.1 Proto-Kx’a to ǂHoant d s → {c,tʃ} ɟ ʃ
20.2.2 Proto-Kx’a to Northwestern !Xunts(ʼ) s → tʃ(ʼ) ʃ
20.2.3 Proto-Kx’a to Southeastern !Xunts(ʼ) s → tʃ(ʼ) ʃ
22 Macro-Arawakan22.5 Proto-Arawá to Kulína-Denítʃ → ʃ (?)
23 Macro-Chibchan23.1.1.1.3 Proto-Chibchan to Kogis → {ʃ,tʃ} / _i
s h → {s,tʃ} {h,∅}
23.1.1.1.4 Proto-Chibchan to Marocaceros → {ts,ʃ} / _i
23.1.1.1.5 Proto-Chibchan to Motilóns → {s,x,tʃ~ʃ}
s → {ʃ,tʃ} / _i
23.1.1.1.6 Proto-Chibchan to Tunebots tʃ → tʃ s
25 Macro-Panoan25.1.2 Proto-Tacanan to Chamatɕ → ʃ
25.1.3 Proto-Tacanan to Reyesanots → tʃ / #_
tʃ ɕ → ts ʃ
j → tʃ / V_V
25.1.4 Proto-Tacanan to Tacanaj → tʃ / V_V
27 Mayan27.4 Proto-Mayan to Ixileant → tʃ
27.5 Proto-Mayan to Kaqchikel-Tz’utujiltʲ(ʼ) → tʃ(ʼ)
27.6 Proto-Mayan to Core K’iche’tʲ(ʼ) → tʃ(ʼ)
27.7 Proto-Mayan to Mameant → tʃ
r t tʃ ʃ → t tʃ ʈʂ ʂ
27.10 Proto-Mayan to Yucatecant → tʃ / _#
tʲ(ʼ) → tʃ(ʼ)
28 Muskogean28.2 Proto-Muskogean to Proto-Western Muskogeans → ʃ
29 Na-Dene29.1.1.1.20 Proto-Southern Athabaskan to Proto-Eastern Southern Athabaskan{s,z}(ʔ) {ʃ,ʒ}(ʔ) {ɬ,ɮ}(ʔ) → s ʃ ɬ / _#
29.1.1.1.21 Proto-Eastern Southern Athabaskan to Kiowa Apachek → tʃ / _E
xʲ j → ʃ ʒ
29.1.1.1.23 Proto-Eastern Southern Athabaskan to Lipanxʲ j → ʃ ∅ / _#
29.1.1.1.25 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to Chiricahuaxʲ j → ʃ ∅ / _#
{s,z}(ʔ) {ʃ,ʒ}(ʔ) {ɬ,ɮ}(ʔ) → s ʃ ɬ / _#
29.1.1.1.26 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to Mescaleroxʲ j → ʃ ∅ / _#
29.1.1.1.27 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to Navajo{s,z}(ʔ) {ʃ,ʒ}(ʔ) {ɬ,ɮ}(ʔ) → s ʃ ɬ / _#
29.1.1.1.28 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to San Carlos{s,z}(ʔ) {ʃ,ʒ}(ʔ) {ɬ,ɮ}(ʔ) → s ʃ ɬ / _#
29.1.1.1.30 Proto-Athabaskan to Hare Slavey-Haretɬʰ tʃ(ʷ)ʰ kʰ → ɬ s ʃ
29.1.2 Proto-Athabaskan-Eyak to Eyakkʲ kʲʼ ɡʲ xʲ → ts tsʼ dz {s,ʃ}
29.2 Proto-Na-Dene to Tlingitʃ → {ʃ,s} : ɬ
tʃ → {tʃ,ts} : tɬ
kʲ kʲʼ → {k,ʃ} kʼ
30 Niger-Congo30.1.1.2 Proto-Bantu to Tswana{tʃ,k} {ntʃ,nk,r} {ɲdʒ,nɡ} mp mb p b {d,l} m n → s tsʰ ts tʃʰ(w) tʃ(w) ʃ(w) dʒ(w) dʒ ŋw ɲ / _{ɪ,e}V
mp mb p b m → tʃʰ(w) tʃ(w) ʃ(w) dʒ(w) ŋw / _{ʊ,o}V
30.1.1.3.5 Proto-Sam to Proto-Aweeranz z c → ɲd̪ ʃ
30.3.1.1.2 Proto-Ajá to Hwet d → tʃ dʒ / _{u,i}
30.3.1.1.3 Proto-Gbe to Proto-Fon{t,k}j {d,ɡ}j → tʃ dʒ
30.3.1.1.4 Proto-Gbe to Proto-Gen{t,k}j {d,ɡ}j → tʃ dʒ
30.3.1.1.6 Proto-Phla-Pherá to Aladat d → ʃ ʒ / _j
k ɡ → ʃ ʒ / _i
30.3.1.1.8 Proto-Vhe to Adángbek ɡ → tʃ dʒ / _i
30.3.1.1.9 Proto-Vhe to Avénot d → tʃ dʒ / _{u,i}
k ɡ s → ts dz ʃ / _i
30.3.1.1.10 Proto-Vhe to Awalant d → tʃ dʒ / _{u,i}
s {k,ts} {ɡ,dz} → ʃ tʃ dʒ / _i
χ ʁ → ʃ {ʒ,j} / _{u,i,j}
30.3.1.1.11 Proto-Vhe to Kpándot d → tʃ dʒ / _j
30.3.1.1.12 Proto-Vhe to Pecı́{k,ts} {ɡ,dz} → tʃ dʒ / _i
30.3.1.1.13 Proto-Vhe to Tɔ̣wunk ɡ → tʃ dʒ / _i
30.3.1.1.14 Proto-Vhe to Wacı́{k,ts} {ɡ,dz} → tʃ dʒ / _i
32 Oto-Manguean32.1.1 Proto-Chatino to Papabuco Chatinot → tʃ / _”{e,iʔ}
t → ʃ / i_i
tʲ → tʃ / else
{c,tʃ} → ʃ
s → tʃ (in certain cases? Not a lot of data available on this one)
32.1.2 Proto-Chatino to Tataltepec Chatinot → tʃ / #_iç
tʲ → tʃ / _i[-long -stress]
c → tʃ / i_
s → ʃ / E_ (? Not a lot of data available on this one)
32.1.3 Proto-Chatino to Yaitepec Chatinok → tʃ / _Ek(ʷ)
ts → tʃ / #_{a,õ}ʔ
ts → tʃ / V[+high]_
ts → ʃ / #_ẽ
s → ʃ / V_V
s → ʃ / if /l/ is present in the same syllable
s → tʃ / #_a
32.1.4 Proto-Chatino to Zenzontepec Chatinokʲ → tʃ
32.2 Proto-Oto-Manguean to TlapanecYt Ynt Ys → tʃ dʒ ʃ
h → ʃ / _C[-voice] (? “both h and š occur before nasals, so it is possible that š has a separate source in Proto Otomanguean”)
33 Penutian33.1.1.1 Proto-Costanoan to Chochenyotʲ ʂ → j ʃ
33.1.1.2 Proto-Utian to Proto-Miwokʈ → tʃ / _e
ʈ → tʃ / e_
33.1.1.2.1 Proto-Miwok to Proto-Western Miwokʈ → tʃ / {aː,oː}_
33.1.1.3 Proto-Costanoan to Mutsunʈ → {ʈ,ts,tʃ} / _{j,ɾ}
33.1.1.4 Proto-Costanoan to Rumsentʲ → tʃ
ʈ → {ʈ,tʃ} / {aː,oː}_
ʈ → {ʈ,tʃ} / {i,e,o}$_
ʈ → {ʈ,tʃ} / _{j,ɾ}
33.2.1 Proto-Wintuan to Nomlakitʃʰ kʰ qʰ {x,χ} → tʃ k(ʰ) {kʰ,qʰ,χ} kʰ
33.2.2 Proto-Wintuan to Patwink(ʰ) kʼ q(ʰ) qʼ → tʃ(h) tʃʼ kʰ kʼ
33.2.3 Proto-Wintuan to South Patwink(ʰ) kʼ q(ʰ) qʼ → tʃ(ʰ) tʃʼ k(ʰ) kʼ
33.2.4 Proto-Wintuan to Wintutʃʰ → tʃ
33.3.2 Buena Vista Yokuts to Proto-Nim-Yokutss → ʃ
ts tsʰ tsʼ → tʃ tʃʰ tʃʼ
33.3.2.1 Proto-Nim-Yokuts to Proto-Tule-Kaweaht tʰ tʼ → tʃ tʃʰ tʃʼ / #_ “(in some words, conditioning factors unclear)”
33.3.2.2.4 Valley Yokuts to Chukchansiʈ ʈʰ ʈʼ → tʃ tʃʰ tʃʼ
33.3.3 Proto-Yokuts to Palewyamis → ʃ / _i
ts tsʰ tsʼ → tʃ tʃʰ tʃʼ / _i
34 Quechumaran34.1 Proto-Quechumaran to Ayachucopʼ tʼ tʃʼ kʼ qʼ → p t tʃ k q
ts(h) tʃh → tʃ s
ʈʂ → tʃ / _V
34.2 Proto-Quechumaran to Boliviats {tsh,tʃh} → tʃ tʃʰ
tʃ → ʃ / _q
tʃʼ → tʃ
ʈʂ → tʃ / _V
34.3 Proto-Quechumaran to Cuzcots tsh → tʃ tʃʰ
{tʃh,tʃʼ} → tʃ
ʈʂ → tʃ / _V
ʈʂʼ → tʃ / n_
34.4 Proto-Quechumaran to Huarásts(h) tʃ → tʃ ts
ʈʂ → tʃ / _V
ʂ → ʃ / _a
34.5 Proto-Quechumaran to Putamayotʃʼ → tʃ
ʈʂ → tʃ / _V
34.6 Proto-Quechumaran to Quitotʃ → ʃ / _q
tʃh → ʃ
tʃʼ → tʃ
ʈʂ → ʃ / _K
ʈʂ → tʃ / _V
ʂ → ʃ
34.7 Proto-Quechumaran to Riobambatʃh → ʃ
tʃʼ → tʃ
ʈʂ → tʃ / _V
s → ʃ / _C[+alveolar]
ʂ → ʃ
34.8 Proto-Quechumaran to Santiagopʼ tʼ tʃʼ kʼ qʼ → p t tʃ k q
ts(h) → tʃ
tʃ → ʃ / _q
ʈʂ → ʃ / _K
ʈʂ → tʃ / _V
34.9 Proto-Quechumaran to Tenatʃ → ʃ / _C
tʃh → ʃ
tʃʼ → tʃ
ʈʂ → ʃ / _K
ʈʂ → tʃ / _V
ʈʂʼ → tʃ
ʂ → ʃ
35 Salishan35.1.3 Proto-Central Salish to Cowichan Halkomelems → ʃ / _xʷ
xʲ → ʃ
35.1.5 Proto-Central Salish to Klallamxʲ → {s,ʃ} (the latter mainly from borrowings?)
w j → kʷ tʃ / _V
35.1.6 Proto-Central Salish to Lushootseeds → {ʃ,s} / _xʷ
xʲ → ʃ
35.1.7 Proto-Central Salish to Nooksacks → {s,ʃ} / _xʷ
s → ʃ / #_{xʲ,w{i,a},qʷa}
xʲ → ʃ
35.1.8 Proto-Central Salish to Lummi Northern Straitsp(’) m → tʃ(’) ŋ / ! _u
s → ʃ / _xʷ
j → tʃ / _V
35.1.9 Proto-Central Salish to Saanich Northern Straitsp(’) m → tʃ(’) ŋ / ! _u
s → {ʃ,s} / _xʷ
j w → tʃ kʷ / _V
35.1.10 Proto-Central Salish to Songish Northern Straitsp(’) m → tʃ(’) ŋ / ! _u
s → {ʃ,s} / _xʷ
xʲ → {s,ʃ} (the latter mainly from borrowings?)
j w → tʃ kʷ / _V
35.1.11 Proto-Central Salish to Sooke Northern Straitsp(’) m → tʃ(’) ŋ / ! _u
xʲ → {s,ʃ} (the latter mainly from borrowings?)
j w → tʃ kʷ / _V
35.1.12 Proto-Central Salish to Pentlatchxʲ → ʃ
35.1.13 Proto-Central Salish to Secheltxʲ → ʃ
35.1.14 Proto-Central Salish to Sqamishxʲ → ʃ
35.1.15 Proto-Central Salish to Twanas → {ʃ,s} / _xʷ
xʲ → ʃ
36 Sino-Tibetan36.3.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to bTshan LaPç → mʃ
36.3.2.1.2 Proto-rGyalrongic to Hanniup k ts → p. k. tʃ.
36.3.2.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Kham Top b pr br çp → p.j p br pj ʃb
çT → ʃt
Nkj ɡj sɡj → mj ts stʃj
C[+ sibilant]w ç Pç Nç çl → s ʂ ʃ mʃ ʃl
ts {dz,KTS} NTS rdz dzl dʒ → s ts {dz,mtʃ.} rts tsl tʃ.
ç → ʃ / _N
36.3.2.2.3 Proto-rGyalrongic to Patits dʒ NTS → {s,tʃ.} tʃ. m
s → ʃ / _n
36.3.2.2.4 Proto-rGyalrongic to Suo Mo{p,b} Np pr {s,r}P çb Nb → p mp mbr sp ʃp p.s
Nt tr d KT çT → mt. tʂ t kt ʃt
ʔkj → ktʃ.
lts rts NTS PTS STS → lɖʐ rts. {mdzr,mtʃ} nt. sts
ts dʒ → tʃ. tʃ
36.3.2.2.6 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tsa Ku Naod(r) çT → t ʃt
kj → tʃ.
ts dz NTS KTS sTS → tʃ ts {ts,m} ɡts sp
36.3.2.2.7 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tzu TaP t → pdz tʃ / r_
{d,KT} st → tʃ zdʒ
k rk kr kj Nkj ɡr → kʰdz nɡ kʰr tʃh dʒ nkʰr
36.3.2.2.8 Proto-rGyalrongic to WassuPç çl → ʃ ʃn
ts dzl NTS → {tʃ.,j} tsl m
s → ʃ / _n
Nnj çnj → mn ʃn
37 Siouan-Iroquoian37.1.2.1.1 Cayuga to Upper Cayugas → ʃ / _{r,j}
37.1.2.1.2 Cayuga to Lower Cayugas → ʃ / _{r,j}
37.1.2.2 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Hurons → ʃ / ! _{n,t,k(ʷ),w} “or when part of the affricate /ts/”
ts → ʃ / _r
37.1.2.3 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Onondagas → ʃ / ! n_ “or when part of the unit affricate /ts/”
ts → tʃ / _{(h)i,(h)j}
s → ʃ / _{hi,hj}
37.1.2.4.1 Proto-Mohawk-Oneida to Mohawk— t → tʃ / _(h)j
— ts → tʃ / _{(h)i,(h)j}
— s → ʃ / _(h)j
37.1.2.4.2 Proto-Mohawk-Oneida to Oneida ts → tʃ / _{(h)i,(h)j}
s → ʃ / _(h)j
37.1.2.5 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Seneca— s → ʃ / _j
37.1.2.6 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Tuscarorats → tʃ / _{h,i,j}
ths → tʃ
37.1.2.6.1 Tuscarora to Western Tuscarorar̥ w̥ j̊ → s f ʃ
37.2.1 Proto-Siouan to Catawbaç x → x ʃ
tʲ → ʃ / in ”U
37.2.2 Proto-Siouan to Dakotaç x → x {ʃ,ʒ}
tʲ → ʃ / in ”U
tʲr → {st,ʃt}
hk →tʃ
37.2.3 Proto-Siouan to Mandans → ʃ
sn → {ʃV0nV0,sV0rV0}
sk → ʃ / _”V
37.2.4 Proto-Siouan to Proto-Čiwere-Winnebagoç x → x {ʃ,ʒ}
t → tʃ / _”E
tʲ → ʃ / in ”U
37.2.4.1 Proto-Čiwere-Winnebago to Čiweret → tʃ / _ʔ
sr → {θl,ʃl}
tʲr → ʃV0rV0
37.2.4.2 Proto-Čiwere-Winnebago to Winnebagot → {tʃ,dʒ}
pr {sr,xr} sn km → pV0rV0 ʃV0rV0 sV0nV0 kV0wV0
tk → {tʃk,tʃɡ} / #_
37.2.5 Proto-Siouan to Proto-Crow-Hidatsas ç {tʲ,x} → ts x ʃ
37.2.5.1 Proto-Crow-Hidatsa to Crowt → ʃ / _E
t → ʃ / _ʔ
37.2.6 Proto-Siouan to Proto-Dhegihatʲ → ʃ / in ”U
37.2.6.1 Proto-Dhegiha to Kansatʲr kr → ʃt l
37.2.6.2 Proto-Dhegiha to Omaha-Poncapr sr tʲr kr → bθ sn ʃn ɡθ
37.2.6.3 Proto-Dhegiha to Osagepr sr tʲr kr → bð sts ʃd ɡð
xk → (ʃ)k / _”V
37.2.6.4 Proto-Dhegiha to Quapawtʲ → ʃ
37.2.7 Proto-Siouan to Proto-Ohio-Valleytʲ Lʲ → tʃ j
37.2.7.2 Proto-Ohio-Valley to OfoL j → t tʃ
37.2.7.3 Proto-Ohio-Valley to Tutelos → ʃ / ”V_k
38 Tai-Kadai38.1.1.3 Proto-Tai to Central Taikl kr → {kj,tʃ} kʰj
38.1.1.3.1 Central Tai to Lungchow{r,s,z} tʃʰ dʒ → ɬ ʃ tʃ
38.1.1.3.2 Central Tai to Nungtʃ tʃʰ dʒ → ʃ tsʰ {ʃ,tʃ}
38.1.1.3.3 Central Tai to Taytʃ dʒ → {x,t} tʃ
38.1.1.3.4 Central Tai to Thodʒ → tʃ
38.1.1.3.5 Central Tai to T’ien-Paodʒ → tʃ
38.1.1.4 Proto-Tai to North Tai{kʰ,ɡ}{l,r} → tʃ
k{l,r} → {kj,tʃ}
{tʃ(ʰ),dʒ} → ʃ
38.1.1.4.1 North Tai to Dioik → tʃ / _E
38.1.1.4.2 North Tai to Po-Aik → tʃ / _E
38.1.1.5.4 Southwest Tai to Siameseŋ ɡ ɣ → {h,ʃ} kʰ ɡ
38.1.1.5.5 Southwest Tai to Black Taiɡ ɡl → k tʃ
38.1.1.5.6 Southwest Tai to White Tai{kʰ,ɣ} ɡ ɡ{l,r} → x k tʃ
39 Tanoan39.1 Proto-Tanoan to Jimez{tʰ,tsʰ} → ʃ
39.3 Proto-Tanoan to Taosts tsʰ tsʼ dz → tʃ s tʃʼ j
40 Totozoquean40.2 Proto-Totozoquean to Proto-Totonacannʲ tʲ kʲ k → l tʃ k q
42 Uralic42.1.1 Pre-Finnic to Proto-Finnictʃ tsʲ → ʃ sʲ / #_
tʃ tʃː → t tʃ
43 Uto-Aztecan43.3 Proto-Uto-Aztecan to Luiseñots → tʃ
s → ʃ
43.4 Proto-Uto-Aztecan to Nahuatls ts → ʃ tʃ / _i
43.6 Proto-Uto-Aztecan to Tohono O’odhamt → tʃ / _V[+high]
44 Vasconic44.1 Proto-Vasconic to Aquitanianś → {s(ː),ʃ} / _#
s → ʃ / i_#
44.2 Proto-Basque to Basques̻ ts̻ → ʃ tʃ / {E,j}_ (mostly Biscayan)
t → tʃ / {E,j}_ (partially spread amongst Biscayan and Guipuscoan)
j → ʝ → ʒ → ʃ (Aescoan, Salazarese, Roncalese, most southern High Navarrese)
j → ʝ → ʒ → ʃ → x (Guipuscoan, northwestern High Navarrese, eastern Biscayan)
its̺ → tʃ / _# (Biscayan)
s̺ → tʃ / #_ (Guipuscoan)
45 Yuman-Cochimı́45.1.1 Proto-Pai to Chapaitʃ → ʃ / _{w,i}
t → tʃ / ! n_

with context involving /ʃ/

46 matches

6 Afro-Asiatic6.1.1 Proto-Omotic to North Omotice → i / #{s,ʃ,tsʼ}_{k(w),ʔ}
6.2.2.1.3 Ancient Egyptian to Copticn → l / #_(V){s,ʃ,h}V{m,b}#
n → l / #_V{m,b}{s,ʃ,h}
7 Algonquian7.6 Proto-Algonquian to Northern East Creeq → h / _tʃ
7.7 Proto-Algonquian to Southern East Creeq → h / _tʃ
7.8 Proto-Algonquian to Plains Creeq → h / _tʃ
7.9 Proto-Algonquian to Swampy Creeq → h / _tʃ
7.10 Proto-Algonquian to Woods Creeq → h / _tʃ
7.13 Proto-Algonquian to Miami-IllinoismV[-long] → ∅ / #_{ʰC,s,ʃ} (allophonic, “optional”)
h → ʔ / _{s,ʃ}
7.15 Proto-Algonquian to Ojibwe{θ,s,h,ʔ} → ∅ / _{p,t,tʃ,k}
{ʔ,h} → ∅ / _ʃ
7.17 Proto-Algonquian to Shawneej → ∅ / {tʃ,ʃ}_eː
j → ∅ / {tʃ,ʃ,w}_aː
V[-long] → ∅ / _{ʃp,ʃk}
Vː → V[-long] / _{ʔC,ʃp,ʃk,hV}
∅ → ʔ / C{v,d}_{ʃp,ʃk,hV}
8 Altaic8.4 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Tungusicæ → i / {s,ʃ,x}_Ca
æ → i / {s,ʃ,x}_Ci
ø → i / {s,ʃ,x}_Cu
8.5.1 Proto-Turkic to Proto-Kypchaks → tʃ / _Vtʃ
17 Indo-European17.7.2.1.6 Early Modern English to Australian Englishə → ɪ / _{k,ɡ,tʃ,dʒ,ʃ,ʒ,v}
17.7.2.3 Middle High German to Standard Germane(ː) i → ø(ː) y / _{P,l,ʃ} (sporadic?)
e(ː) i → ø(ː) y / {P,l,ʃ}_ (sporadic?)
17.10 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Indo-Iraniant → ∅ / _ʃt
17.12.1.1.2 Latin to Catalanaj → ej / _ʃ when stressed (irregular)
17.12.1.1.3 Latin to French∅ → j / {ʃ,ʒ,sj,zj}”{a,é}_ in U[+open]
a → ə / #{tʃ,dʒ}_(%…)” in U[+open]
V → ə / _{CC,tʃ,dʒ} ! _{nt,nɡ,mp,rt,rd}
j → ∅ / {ʃ,ʒ}_V[-nas]
17.12.1.1.6 Vulgar Latin to Old Provençal— ɛ → jɛ / _{u,i,ʎ,rʲ,ʃ,ʒ,j,tʃ,dʒ} (except in some northern and western dialects, or if this u ← l or if this i ← ð)
— o → y / _{tʃ,dʒ,it,id} (did not occur in Dauphiné)
29 Na-Dene29.1.1.1.26 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to Mescaleroʔ → ∅ / {s,ʃ,ɬ}_#
29.1.2 Proto-Athabaskan-Eyak to Eyakx → ∅ / ʃ_
29.2 Proto-Na-Dene to Tlingitx → ∅ / {s,ʃ}_
30 Niger-Congo30.3.1.1.6 Proto-Phla-Pherá to Aladaj → ∅ / {ʃ,ʒ}_
32 Oto-Manguean32.1.1 Proto-Chatino to Papabuco Chatinoi → e / tʃ_
34 Quechumaran34.7 Proto-Quechumaran to Riobambaqh → kʰ / _i ! _i{ʃ,tʃ}
35 Salishan35.4 Shuswap to Spokane-Kalispel Shuswap Nasal-to-Vowel Shiftsn nˀ → i iʔ / _{i,ʃ} (sporadic)
36 Sino-Tibetan36.3.2.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Kham Toj → ∅ / {ʃ,r}n_
37 Siouan-Iroquoian37.1.2.2 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Huronk → h / _{t,ts,s,ʃ}
r → h / ʃ_
37.1.2.6 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Tuscaroraj → ∅ / tʃ_
h → ∅ / k_{s,ts,tʃ}
44 Vasconic44.2 Proto-Basque to Basqueu ũ → y ỹ / _r(p(ʰ),β,k(ʰ),ɣ,l,s̺,s̻,ʃ,h) (Souletin)
45 Yuman-Cochimı́45.1.2 Proto-Pai to Paipaixʷ → w / tʃ_