ⱥ í ŋ ø ṛ ʃ ú Not used in native words. The indefinite form of all letters is ecilu (name of letter).

Pronoun associated with a Pronoun associated with ⱥ Pronoun associated with b Pronoun associated with c Pronoun associated with d Pronoun associated with e Pronoun associated with f Pronoun associated with g Pronoun associated with h Pronoun associated with i Pronoun associated with í Pronoun associated with j Pronoun associated with l Pronoun associated with m Pronoun associated with n Pronoun associated with ŋ Pronoun associated with o Pronoun associated with ø Pronoun associated with p Pronoun associated with r Pronoun associated with ṛ Pronoun associated with s Pronoun associated with ʃ Pronoun associated with t Pronoun associated with u Pronoun associated with ú Pronoun associated with v

(prefix) (prefix) (condition is in the subjunctive; main clause is in the indicative) Counterfactual if (condition is in the subjunctive; main clause is in the would form (condition and main clause are both in the indicative) (condition and main clause are both in the indicative, or condition is in subjunctive) Turns a clause into a noun Used to indicate a question. Used at the beginning of a sentence (with the subjunctive) to ask a yes/no question; used before a noun (especially rihun) or adjective for other types of questions. E rihun (or forms thereof) can be abbreviated as er' in informal writing. Starts a clause that modifies the preceding noun. Indicates that the following adjective or prepositional phrase is not-restrictive Used to indicate one who does something. Indicates the start of a group. Indicates the end of a group.

See Numbers for more information on how to use these words.

See Numbers Ordinal numbers Reverse ordinal numbers Adjective ordinals (e.g., second-best) Adjective reverse ordinals Fraction denominator Number of times (once, twice, etc.)

Used as a compliment to some verbs; may be followed by another preposition or adjective. Indicates movement. Movement Used with times. Used with places. Used with amounts of time. As in author/creator. For a person. To accomplish... Indicates the subject in passive constructions. Indicates a passive verb.

Used as the pronoun equivalent to a verb, or with a pronoun. Use a to phrase in the subjunctive as the subject, e.g., on to rėhus... Use a to phrase in the subjunctive as the subject, e.g., ab to rėhus... Use a to phrase in the subjunctive as the subject, e.g., rip to rėhus... Differs in meaning from abilun in that this refers to what one is allowed to do, rather than what one is able to do; use the subject as the subject and the infinitive as the object, e.g., cab arā rihilu Differs in meaning from ripilun in that this refers to what one is allowed to do, rather than what one is able to do; use the subject as the subject and the infinitive as the object, e.g., cip arā rihilu Use with a to clause. Use with a to clause. Use with a to clause.

Used to indicate that the set of items referred to by the subject is a subset of the set of things that could be referred to by the object. If this verb is used, the subject and object cannot be switched without changing the meaning of the sentence. To connect nouns to adjective, use this verb and have the object be the correct form of rihun being described by the adjective. For instance, a square is a rectangle, the sky is a blue thing (the sky is blue), the Princess is a prince/princess (there are two), I am a person in this car (which has two people in it). (past tense of "lilun" is conjugated sort of as if it were "pilun"; does not actually have the infinitive pilun) Used to indicate that the set of items referred to by the subject is equal to the set of things that could be referred to by the object. If this verb is used, the subject and object can be switched without changing the meaning of the sentence (although the emphasis might change). For instance, a square is an equilateral rectangle, the sky is the blue thing above us (when one is not under something else that is blue), the Princess is the princess of Onceuponatimia (there is only one), if the person next to me got out of the car, I would be the (only) person in this car. Similar to English there is/there are, but takes the item as the subject. Conjugated as o in the third-person indicative Used transitively, works like lilun and translates to "become". Used intransitively with a to clause, means roughly "It becomes true that..."

I'm serious; I'm serious, stop it; danger (from Lwaitel; used to indicate that one is talking seriously about real life, in cases where they might otherwise be talking in-character or non-seriously; it's illegal to use this in works of fiction; certain actions are illegal after someone else involved says this word)

Perhaps these were brought in from Earth? Whale or dolphin Append to a type of animal to indicate a young animal.

Often linun is used instead.

Prepend to a proper noun or pronoun (indicating the son/daughter). If a person is adopted, this refers to the adoptive parents. The resulting noun is a common noun with the same eye color as the parent. Genetic parent. Birth mother (usually the same as one of the genetic parents). Before vowel: slif- Before vowel: súif- Before vowel: uslif- Before vowel: usíuf- Before vowel: isúif-

(tcúahir in the second person, according to the Princess)

Definite form: olohu, olohi, or olohe

E.g., most plants we would call "flowers"

Append (before the gender/number ending) to any non-food noun to make it a food. (E.g., fish for eating would be úiholinifen.) Any noun representing a food (including those ending in -if) may be turned into a verb meaning "to eat (the noun)". For instance, síucṛn (sugar) may be turned into síucrilun (to eat sugar); coculaghtun (chocolate) may be turned into coculaghtilun (to eat chocolate); etc. Append to any fruit to get juice. A blue-eyed noun, always plural; in the first form, general síucṛn, indefinite síucṛb, definite síucṛ, part of definite síucṛteb; in the second form, general síucran, indefinite síucrab, definite síucra, part of definite síucrateb; in the third form, general síucren, indefinite síucreb, definite síucre, part of definite síucreteb.

Use ʃⱥ acⱥ ololun with verbs of motion or moving objects to mean "hide".

Although in English it really should be Swiaocwil (or perhaps Swiauquill?). But that looks funny. Their planet (with Suiacuil, etc.) Our Earth (with America, Europe, Africa, etc.). The people and cultures in Súiⱥcúil before the Vegúili discovered it, and related cultures. (From pahⱥ "before" + adjective-forming suffix.)

Also includes shorts and skirts. Singular and plural are used logically, not as in English (i.e., in apilnu = 1 pair of pants). Ending depends on the person wearing them.

For drinking water, use búisijen.

See Numbers for information about how dates are represented.

Applied to days of the week (indicating the week) and times (indicating the hour) Applied to days of the week (indicating the week) and times (indicating the hour) Applied to days of the week (indicating the week) and times (indicating the hour) Day 1 of the week Day 2 of the week Day 3 of the week Day 4 of the week Day 5 of the week Day 6 of the week Day 7 of the week Day 8 of the week

See Numbers for information about how times are represented.

Includes both the time and the day. Append to a unit of time to show that amount of time passing. Use pu-number, and use no-subject form. Especially 4:48-9:36 AM Especially 9:36 AM-2:24 PM Especially 2:24-7:12 PM Especially 7:12 PM-12:00 AM Especially 12:00-4:48 AM

Used as a prefix operator. sososot base number Used to separate terms being added, multiplied, etc.

Can be used for any vehicle, as long as the subject is directly controlling it. Can be used for any vehicle, as long as the subject is not directly controlling it.

put down, set down

For intentional sensing (look/listen) use a preposition (or ofⱥ for the default, e.g., "look at"/"listen to"); for unintentional sensing (see/hear) use an object or a ta phrase. For phrases using "look"/"sound" to compare to something else, use "per".

Per (person who's looking) ta (what seems to be true, subjunctive or indicative indicating certainty)

Words like soinilun can be used with a quotation; the quotation is placed grammatically as if it were the object of the verb. They can also be used with a ta phrase.

Come to an agreement. Subject: disputers; object: thing disputed

Used like soin. Used transitively for "think about", used intransitively for "think".

For "It is sunny": "Par sul." For "It is cloudy": "Par búiseb." For "It is rainy": "Par úise." Use no-subject version for wind. Use no-subject version for a rainbow in the sky.

When used with humans, implies morally good. Good at doing something Factually correct, not morally right Factually wrong, not morally wrong Often has negative connotations. Considered condecending in many circumstances Not hard-working.

Used for animate objects. Used for inanimate objects.

Uses English subject/object (not like Spanish gustar) Use a to clause as the object.

Basic color terms: rucun (red), ilun (yellow), veliniun (green), blue (bleun), coludun (brown), olaghtun (black), selaghtun (gray), laghtun (white).

When color terms are applied to humans, they refer to eye color.

From Lwaitel ngin. From Lwaitel kílu. From Lwaitel húsu. Due to their color creation myth, the word for "brown" is similar to the word for "color" (brown was the first color created).

See entries of specific adjectives Used after an adjective to form the comparative. The noun after so may be left out. Used after an adjective to mean "relative to the group". The noun after soso may be left out.

These suffixes are used to form adjectives from various types of words, including nationalities meaning "from or relating to ___". The specific suffix used depends on the last sound in the stem.

Adjective-forming suffix for words ending in p, b, m Adjective-forming suffix for words ending in d, l, n, ú Adjective-forming suffix for words ending in c, g, ŋ Adjective-forming suffix for words ending in e, i, t Adjective-forming suffix for words ending in a, o, u, ⱥ, ø, ṛ Adjective-forming suffix for words ending in f, h, í, j, r, ʃ, v Adjective-forming suffix for words ending in s

Adverb-forming suffix for -un adjectives. Adverb-forming suffix for -ⱥ adjectives. Literally: Once at a time. Full standard opening is Puin ⱥt timce ⱥ macinlⱥ ceharcúil, o (bucenu/bucnenu/búucnenu...) bibrhā (name) ontsuⱥlialu so (tirā if the character's a kid/carā if adult).