Searchable Index Diachronica: Full sounds table

Search for a sound

Click a sound below to see all sound changes to and from that sound. (Other mentions of a sound are not included.)

m̥ m mˀ mː mˤ m̩ ʼm mʲ mʷ ɱ ŋmʷ n̼ n̪ n̥ n n[+fortis] n[-fortis] nˀ nː n̩ n̩ː n̲ n̲ː ʼn nʲ ɳ ɳː ɲ̊ ɲ ɲː ʼɲ ŋ̊ ŋ ŋː ŋ̩ ŋʷ ɴ
p pʰ pː pˑ pˤ pˤː ʼp pʲ pʲː pʷ pʷʲ kp kpʷ kpʼ k͜p ɡb t̼ t̪ t̪ʰ t̪ː t tʰ tː tˑ tˤ t͜ t₁ ʼt tʲ tʷ tʷː tʷʲ ʈ ʈʰ ʈː c cʰ cʰː cː c̚ cʷ cʷː k kʰ kː kˑ kˤ ḱ ḱː k͜ ʼk ᵑk kʲ kʲː kʰʷ kʷ kʷʰ kʷː kʲʷː q qʰ qː qˤ qˤː q͜ qʲ qʲː qˤʲ qˤʲː qʷ qʷː qˤʷ qˤʷː qʲʷ qʲʷː qʷʲ qˤʲʷ qˤʲʷː qˤʷʲ ʔ ʔː ʔˤ ʔ̊ ʔʷ
pʼ pˤʼ bʼ pʲʼ pʷʼ pʷʲʼ tʼ dʼ tʲʼ tʷʼ tʷʲʼ ʈʼ kʼ kːʼ ɡʼ kʲʼ kʷʼ kʷʲʼ qʼ qʼː qːʼ qˤʼ qʲʼ qʲːʼ qˤʲʼ qʷʼ qʼʷ qˤʷʼ qʲʷʼ qʷʲʼ qˤʷʲʼ
b bʰ bʱ bː bˤ b̚ ᵐb bʲ bʷ bʷʲ d̪ d dʰ dʱ dʱː dː dˤ d͜ d₁ d₂ d₃ ʼd ⁿd dʲ dʷ ɖ ɖʱ ɖː ɟ ɟʱ ɟː ɟ͜ ʼɟ ɡ ɡ[+pínɡ tone] ɡʰ ɡʱ ɡː ɡ́ ɡ́ʰ ɡ́ʱ ɡ̌ ɡ̚ ᵑɡ ɡʲ ɡʷ ɡʷʰ ɡʷʱ ɡʲʷ ɢ ɢʲ ɢʷ ɢʷʰ ɢʲʷ
ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ̥ ɠʷ
ɸ ɸʰ f fː f̩ fʲ s̪ θ θː θˑ θˤ s sʰ sː sːː sˑ sˤ ś š s̩ s̺ s̻ s₁ s₂ s₃ sʲ sʲː sʷ sʷː sʲʷ sʲʷː sʷʲ ʃ ʃʰ ʃː ʃˤ ʃ̺ ʃʲ ʃʷ ʃʷʰ ʃʷː ʂ ʂʰ ʂː ʂʷ ɕ ɕʰ ɕː ɕ͜ ɕ͜ʰ ɕʷ ɕʷː ç x xː x₁ x₂ x₃ xʲ xʲː xʷ xʲʷ xʷʲ χ χˤ χʲ χˤʲ χʷ χˤʷ χʲʷ χʷʲ ħ ħʷ h hː h̃ h₁ h₂ h₃ hʷ h̃ʷ
ɸʼ fʼ θʼ sʼ sːʼ sʲʼ sʷʼ sʼʷ sʷʲʼ ʃʼ ʃʼʼ ʃːʼ ʃʲʼ ʃʷʼ ʂʼ ɕʼ ɕʷʼ çʼ xʼ xʷʼ χʼ χʷʼ
β βʷ v vː vˤ v̩ vʷ z̪ ð ðː ðˤ ðʲ z zʱ zː zˤ zʲ zʷ zʲʷ zʷʲ ʒ ʒʱ ʒː ʒʲ ʒʷ ʐ ʐʱ ʑ ʑʱ ʑʷ ʝ ʝː ɣ ɣː ɣʲ ɣʷ ɣʲʷ ɣʷʲ ʁ ʁː ʁˤ ʁʲ ʁˤʲ ʁʷ ʁˤʷ ʁʲʷ ʁʷʲ ʁˤʲʷ ʁˤʷʲ ʕ ʕ̞ ʕʷ ɦ
pf ts tsʰ tsʼ tsː tsːʼ tsˑ tsˤ tš ts̺ ts̻ tːs t͜s dz dzʱ dzː d͜z ⁿdz tsʲ tsʲʼ tsʲː dzʲ tsʷ tsʷʼ tsʷː tsʼʷ dzʷ tsʲʷ tsʲʷː tsʷʲ tsʷʲʼ dzʲʷ dzʷʲ tʃ tʃʰ tʃʼ tʃʼʼ tʃː tʃːʼ dʒ dʒʱ dʒː ⁿdʒ tʃʲ tʃʲʼ dʒʲ tʃʷ tʃʷʰ tʃʷʼ tʃʷː dʒʷ ʈʂ ʈʂʰ ʈʂʼ ɖʐ tɕ tɕʰ tɕʼ tɕː dʑ dʑʱ tɕʷ tɕʷʼ tɕʷː dʑʷ cç cçʼ ɟ͜ʝ kx kxʼ q͜χ qχ qχʷ
ʋ ʋ̃ ɹ ɻ j̊ j jʰ jˀ jː j̃ ɥ ɥ̃ ɰ ɰ̃ w̥ ʍ w wʰ wˀ wː w̃ wʲ
ɾ̥ ɾ ɽ
ʙ r̝̊ r̥ r r[+fortis] rʰ rː r̀ ŕ r̝ r̩ r̩ː r̲ rʲ rːʲ ʀ
ɬ ɬʰ ɬʼ ɬː ɬːʼ ɬˤ ɮ ɬʲ ɬʲʼ ɬʲʼː ɮʲ ɬʷ ɬʷʼ ɬʷː ɮʷ ɬʲʷ ɬʲʷː ɬʷʲ ɬʷʲʼ ɬʷʲː ɮʲʷ ɮʷʲ
tɬ tɬʰ tɬʼ tɬː tɬːʼ dɮ tɬʲ tɬʲʼ dɮʲ tɬʷ tɬʷʼ tɬʷː dɮʷ tɬʲʷ tɬʷʲ tɬʷʲʼ tɬʷʲː dɮʲʷ dɮʷʲ
l̥ l lʰ lʼ lː l̃ l̩ l̩ː ɫ lʲ lːʲ ɭ ɭʱ ɭː ʎ ʟ
ʘ ǀ ǀʰ͜q ǀʰ͜ɢ ǀˀ ǀ̃ ⁿǀʰ ǁ ǁˀ ǃ ǃˀ ǃ̃ ǃ̬ ǂ ǂˀ ǂ̃
i i[-lonɡ] i[-lonɡ][-stress] i[truncated vowel-thinɡ] i² i³ i¹ iː î ĩ ĭ i̯ ḭ i₂ y yː ỹ ɨ ɨ[-stress] ɨː ɨ̃ ɨ̃ː ɨ̆ ɨ̯ ɨ̰ ʉ ʉː ɯ ɯː u u[+short] u[-lonɡ] u³ u¹ uː ú û ũ ũː ŭ u̯ ṵ
ɪ ɪː ɪ̃ ɪ̞ ʏ ʊ ʊ́ ʊ̄ ʊ̈ ʊ̯
e e³ e¹ eː eːʲ è é ê ẽ ẽː ē ë e̯ ḛ ø øː ɘ ɵ ɵː ɤ ɤː o o³ o¹ oː oːʷ ò ó ô õ õː ŏ o̯ o̰ o₂
ə ə[+weak] ə[-stress] ə³ ə¹ əː ə́ ə̃ ə̃ː ə̄ ə̆ ə̯ ə̰
ɛ ɛ³ ɛ¹ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː œ œː œ̃ ɜ ɜː ʌ ʌ̃ ʌ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː ɔ̯ ɔ̰
æ æ² æ³ æː æ̃ æ̆ æ₂ ɐ
a a[+weak] a[-lonɡ] a³ a¹ aː aː[+hiɡh risinɡ tone] ã ãː ā ă å a̯ a̰ ɑ ɑː ɑ́ ɑ̃ ɑ̃ː ɑ̄ ɒ ɒː

ʰ ʱ ʲ ʷ ʼ ˀ ː ˑ ˤ ◌̀ ◌́ ◌̂ ◌̃ ◌̄ ◌̆ ◌̈ ◌̊ ◌̌ ◌̚ ◌̝ ◌̞ ◌̣ ◌̥ ◌̩ ◌̪ ◌̬ ◌̯ ◌̰ ◌̲ ◌̺ ◌̻ ◌̼ ◌͜◌ ◌͜q ◌͜ɢ ◌͜ʰ 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4

#_ _# # $ % & : @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Ł ȵ ɚ ɿ ʅ Ω ъ ь ᵚ ” … ∅

[+A POA] [+ATR] [-ATR] [+B POA] [+RTR] [-accent] [+affricate] [+alveolar] [+alveolopalatal] [anything] [+aspirated] [-back] [+close-mid] [+closed] [+coronal] [-coronal] [+creaky voice] [-creaky voice] [+dental] [-dental] [+dorsal] [+e,i] [-ejective] [+falling tone] [-falling tone] [+fortis] [-fortis] [+fricative] [-front] [+glide] [-glottal] [-glottalized] [+guttural] [+high pitch] [+high rising tone] [+high tone] [+high] [-high] [+higher] [+intertonic] [+labial] [-labial] [+labiodental] [+labiovelar] [+lateral] [+lenis] [-lenis] [+long] [-long] [lost yer] [+low falling tone] [+low pitch] [-low pitch] [+low tone] [+low] [-low] [+mid] [+nasal] [-nasal] [+open-mid] [+palatal] [-palatal] [-palatalized] [+pharyngeal] [+píng tone] [+rhotic] [+round] [-round] [+same POA] [-same POA] [+short] [+sibilant] [+stress] [-stress] [-tone] [truncated vowel-thing] [+u,a] [+uvular] [+velar] [+voice] [-voice] [+weak]