Index Diachronica: involving /j/

662 results from /j/   474 results to /j/   200 results with context involving /j/   

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from /j/

662 matches

6 Afro-Asiatic6.2.2 Proto-Erythrean to Proto-North ErythreanV{j,w} → Vː / C_C
6.2.2.1.5 Proto-Semitic to Classical ArabicV{j,w}V → aː / some sequences
6.2.2.1.6 Classical Arabic to Cypriot Arabic{l,n}j → jː
j → c / {O,r}
j → ∅ / Ck_$
j(ː) → ∅ / V_E
6.2.2.1.7 Classical Arabic to Egyptian Arabicaj aw → eː oː / in U[+closed]
6.2.2.1.10 Classical Arabic to Hassāniyya Arabicaj aw → eː(ʲ) oː(ʷ) (sometimes, the article is unclear)
— j w → i u / #_CV
— j w → iː uː / #_CC
6.2.2.1.11 Classical Arabic to Iraqi Arabicaj aw → eː oː
6.2.2.1.12 Classical Arabic to Eastern Libyan Arabicaj aw → e(ː,j) o(ː,w)
6.2.2.1.13 Classical Arabic to Western Libyan Arabicaj aw → eː oː
6.2.2.1.17 Classical Arabic to Tunisian Arabicaj aw → {aj,eː,iː aw,oː,uː}
6.2.2.1.18 Proto-Semitic to Biblical Hebrew— aj → eː / _$
— aj → ɛː / _#
— aj aw → eː oː
j → ∅ / E_ (not clear whether only short E or long also)
7 Algonquian7.1 Proto-Algonquian to Kennebec River Abenakij → ∅ / _# ! P_
j → ∅ / _C
7.2 Proto-Algonquian to St. Francis Abenakij → ∅ / _# ! p_
j → ∅ / C_
nj → i / #_
7.3.1 Proto-Arapaho-Atsina to Arapahoj → ∅ / C_
7.3.2 Proto-Arapaho-Atsina to Gros Ventrej → ∅ / {ʃ,θ}
7.4 Proto-Algonquian to Blackfootj → s / ! C_
{jiː,ja,ahi} {owaː,awa,awe} awi {iːwa,eːwa,aji,aje,ani} → i oː o(ji) iː / C_C
j → s
{iː,ij,j} → j / C_B
iji → iː
7.5 Proto-Algonquian to Cheyennew j → {v,o} {t,e}
7.6 Proto-Algonquian to Northern East Creeja → aː / C_
ʃjeː → seː
7.7 Proto-Algonquian to Southern East Creeja → aː / C_
ʃjeː → ʃeː
7.8 Proto-Algonquian to Plains Creeja → aː / C_
ʃjeː → seː
7.9 Proto-Algonquian to Swampy Creeja → aː / C_
ʃjeː → ʃeː
7.10 Proto-Algonquian to Woods Creeja → aː / C_
7.11 Proto-Algonquian to Munsee Delawarej → ∅ / C_
7.12 Proto-Algonquian to Menomineewe je → o i / _C
{w,j} → ∅ / C_#
{wiː,jiː,weː,jeː,wæː,jæː} {wi,ji,we,je,wæ,jæ} → iː i / C_
wa ja → uə̯ iə̯ / C_
7.14 Proto-Algonquian to Mi’kmaq{aja,iha,iji,ihi,ija} → iː
7.15 Proto-Algonquian to Ojibwe{j,w}V[-long] → ∅ / C_# in disyllables with Vː or in tri(-plus-)syllables
{w,j}V[-long] → ∅ / Vː_# (Whimemsz is unsure if this change is across-the-board or not)
jeː → iː / C_
ja → iː / C_C
j → ∅ / C_
7.17 Proto-Algonquian to Shawneej → ∅ / C_i(ː)
je → i / C_
j → ∅ / {tʃ,ʃ}_eː
j → ∅ / {tʃ,ʃ,w}_aː
8 Altaic8.1 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Japonicj → {j,∅}
8.1.1 Early Middle Japanese to Modern Japanesej → ∅ / _e
8.2 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Koreanj → {j,∅}
8.3 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Mongolicj → {j,h}
8.5.1 Proto-Turkic to Proto-Kypchakew (→ øj) → yj
8.5.1.1 Proto-Kypchak to Kazakhj → dʒ / #_ (did not occur in Qara Nogay)
8.5.1.2 Proto-Kypchak to Kyrgyzj → ∅ / _l (sporadic?)
j → dʒ / #_
nj → jn
8.5.2 Proto-Turkic to Sakhaj → s (possibly only initially?)
9 Austroasiatic9.1.1 Proto-Vietic to Muong Khen{pj,bj} {tj,dj} {cj,ɟj} → b d j
{n̥j,nj,ɲ̊j,ɲj} → ɲ j
9.1.2 Proto-Vietic to Middle Vietnamese{pj,bj} {tj,dj} {cj,ɟj} → {β,w} dʲ ɟ
{n̥j,nj,ɲ̊j,ɲj} → ɲ (Thompson appears to me to have hedged a bit on the last one; based on other evidence in the paper I’m sticking this one as a palatal nasal)
{əkʰ,əɡɦj} → ɟ (I think Thompson implied this was just a bit of a kludge)
10 Austronesian10.1.1 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Proto-Bali-Sasak-Sumbawanj → {d,t} / #_
j z → d j
iw uj → {i,?} i / _#
— aj aw → ej ow / _#
— aj aw → e ow / _#
10.1.1.1 Proto-Bali-Sasak-Sumbawan to Balineseej ow → i u
10.1.1.2 Proto-Bali-Sasak-Sumbawan to Sasakiw ow ej → i o e / _#
10.1.1.3 Proto-Bali-Sasak-Sumbawan to Sumbawanej ow → e o / _#
10.1.2.1 Proto-Philippine to Bicol*j {*D,z} → r d / V_V
*j → ɡ / #_
h *j → ∅ d / _#
10.1.2.2 Proto-Philippine to Cebuano*j → d / #_
{*j,*Z} z → l r / V_V
h *j → ∅ d / _#
10.1.2.3 Proto-Philippine to Hiligaynon*j → d / #_
{*Z,*j} z → l r / V_V
*j → d / _#
10.1.2.4 Proto-Philippine to Ibanag*j → ɡ / possible exception in word-initial position?
uj → i
10.1.2.5 Proto-Philippine to Ifugao*j → ɡ / _#
{z,*Z,*D,*j} → d
10.1.2.6 Proto-Philippine to Ilocano{z,*Z,*j} → d / V_V
*j → ɡ
10.1.2.7 Proto-Philippine to Proto-Kalamian{z,j} → d
10.1.2.8 Proto-Philippine to Kankanay{z,*j} → d / V_V
*j → ɡ / _#
10.1.2.9 Proto-Philippine to Tagalog {*D,*j} {d,z} → l r / V_V
*j → d / #_
h *j → ∅ d / _#
uj iw → oj uj / _#
10.1.2.10 Proto-Philippine to Waray*j → r / V_V
*j → d
10.2.1 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Proto-Chamicz j → j d
d j → r ɭ (sporadic)
10.2.2 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Chamorrouj → {i,u}
j w → dz ɡʷ
10.2.3 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Proto-Malayicj → t / _#
j → d
{iw,uj} → i / _#
— aj aw → i u / _#
— aj aw → aj aw / _#
10.2.4 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Proto-Malayo-Javanicj → l
— aw aj → əw əj / _#
— aw aj → aw aj / _#
10.2.4.1 Proto-Malayo-Javanic to Javaneseiw uj → ju i / _#
— əw əj → i u / _#
— aw aj → e ó / _#
10.2.4.2 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Madureseij uw → uj {uj,ój} / _#
10.2.4.3 Proto-Malayo-Javanic to Sundanese{l,j} z → r j
iw uj → {ju,i} oj / _#
— əw əj → o e / _#
— aw aj → o aj / _#
10.2.5 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Palauanaj aw uj → e o i
j l → r j
j → ∅ / C_i
10.2.6.1 Proto-North Sarawak to Kiputw j → v ɟ
10.2.6.2.1 Proto-Kenyah to Òma Lónghj w → z v
10.3 Proto-Austronesian to Proto-Oceanice {uj,iw} → o i
10.3.2 Proto-Oceanic to Hiwp pʷ {c,*j} k q → β βʷ s ɣ ∅
10.3.3 Proto-Oceanic to Lemerig{c,*j} ɲ → s n
10.3.4 Proto-Oceanic to Mwotlap{c,*j} → s
10.3.5.1 Proto-New Caledonia to Caaàcjʰ → h / _i
10.3.5.2 Proto-New Caledonia to Jawéjʰ → h / _i
10.3.5.3 Proto-New Caledonia to Nemi-Pije-Fwaijʰ → h / _i
10.3.5.5 Proto-New Caledonia to Nyelâyujʰ j → h ∅ / _i
10.3.5.6 Proto-New Caledonia to Pwaameijʰ j → s z
10.3.5.7 Proto-New Caledonia to Pwapwâj → z
10.3.5.8 Proto-New Caledonia to Proto-Yunagajʰ → h / _i
10.3.5.8.1 Proto-Yunaga to Yunaga 1jʰ → θ
j → {ð,z} ?
10.3.7 Proto-Oceanic to Shark Bayɲ c *j → n s z
10.3.8 Proto-Oceanic to Tolomakoɲ c *j → n s z
10.3.11.1 Proto-Southern Vanuatu to Anejomd {c,*j} → tʃ s
10.3.11.2 Proto-Southern Vanuatu to Proto-Erromangos {c,*j} → h s
10.3.11.3.2 Proto-Tanna to Lenakelc *j → s {z,s}
10.3.11.3.4 Proto-Tanna to Southwest Tanna{c,*j} → s
10.3.11.3.5 Proto-Tanna to Whitesandsc *j → s {z,s}
10.3.12 Proto-Oceanic to Vera’a{c,*j} ɲ → s n
10.5 Proto-Austronesian to Proto-Onganaj → e
10.8 Proto-Austronesian to Proto-Tsouic{*C,d} j *R → c z r
13 Chumashan13.4 Proto-Chumash to Obispeñoˀj → ∅
13.5 Proto-Chumash to Purisimeñoˀj → ∅
13.6 Proto-Chumash to Ventureñoˀm ˀn ˀl ˀj → m n l j
14 Elamo-Dravidian14.3.1 Standard Tamil to Colloquial Tamilaj → eː “(exception: never finally in monosyllables, never initially in multisyllabic words)”
avu aji → aw aj
j → ∅ / V[-front]_#
j → jːi / E_#
17 Indo-European17.2 Proto-Indo-European to Common Anatolianj → ∅ / #_e (not widely attested)
17.2.1 Common Anatolian to Hittitej → ∅ / V_V
aj aw → ɛː uː / !_{s,n,r,l}
17.2.2 Common Anatolian to Luwianj → ∅ / z_
17.2.3 Common Anatolian to Lycianj → ∅ / ts_
17.2.4 Common Anatolian to Lydianj → ∅ / C_
j u → ð w / #_
j → ð / V_V
17.3.1 Proto-Indo-European to Artsakh Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
ej ia → e ɛa
e oj ɛa → i u ɛ / when unstressed
j → w / _o
j → ?
{sk,ks} kj → tsʰ tʃʰ (?)
17.3.2 Proto-Indo-European to Erevan Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
ej ia → e ɛa
e oj ɛa → i u ɛ / when unstressed
j → w / _o
j → ?
{sk,ks} kj → tsʰ tʃʰ (?)
17.3.3 Proto-Indo-European to Istanbul Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
ej ia → e ɛa
e oj ɛa → i u ɛ / when unstressed
j → w / _o
j → ?
{sk,ks} kj → tsʰ tʃʰ (?)
17.3.4 Proto-Indo-European to Kharpert Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
ej ia → e ɛa
e oj ɛa → i u ɛ / when unstressed
j → w / _o
j → ?
{sk,ks} kj → tsʰ tʃʰ (?)
17.3.5 Proto-Indo-European to Sebastia Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
ej ia → e ɛa
e oj ɛa → i u ɛ / when unstressed
j → w / _o
j → ?
{sk,ks} kj → tsʰ tʃʰ (?)
17.3.6 Proto-Indo-European to Southeast Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
ej ia → e ɛa
e oj ɛa → i u ɛ / when unstressed
j → w / _o
j → ?
{sk,ks} kj → tsʰ tʃʰ (?)
17.3.7 Proto-Indo-European to Southwest Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
ej ia → e ɛa
e oj ɛa → i u ɛ / when unstressed
j → w / _o
j → ?
{sk,ks} kj → tsʰ tʃʰ (?)
17.4.1 Proto-Indo-European to Avestanh(j) → ŋh / a_a
17.5 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Celtic— oː ej → aː eː
17.5.1 Proto-Indo-European to Old Irishj → ∅
17.5.2 Proto-Celtic to Middle Welshj → ð / V_
17.6 Proto-Indo-European to Dacianoi wo wj ow → ai wa vi aw
17.7 Proto-Indo-European to Common Germanic{i,j} {u,w} → j w / V[+short]C_
{i,j} {u,w} → ij uw
17.7.1 Common Germanic to Gothic— aj → a / U_#
oːw æːj → ɔː ɛː / _V
j → i / C_# “after the loss of a final vowel or syllable”
ij → iː / _s “after the loss of a vowel in final syllables”
ij → i / _# “after the loss of a final vowel or syllable”
iji → iː / U[- stress](C…)_
iji → iː / U[+ long + closed]_ in the stem
17.7.2.1.2 Old English to Kentish Middle Englishæj → aj → ej
{æːj,e(ː)j} → ej
17.7.2.1.3 Old English to Midlands Middle Englishæj → aj → ej
{æːj,e(ː)j} → ej
17.7.2.1.4 Midlands Middle English to Early Modern Englishtj sj dj zj → tʃ ʃ dʒ ʒ / ! _uː (perhaps only before stressed uː?)
17.7.2.1.5 Early Modern English to American Englishj → ∅ / {θ,s,z,l,n,t,d}_ when in onset position
17.7.2.1.6 Early Modern English to Australian Englishj → ∅ / %{θ,s,z,l}_”V
sj zj lj → ʃ ʒ j~ɫj / else “(j~ɫj fluctuation is formality)”
ɫj → ɫi / “after any segment after which coda-/ɫ/ is forbidden, e.g. failure [fæiɫiɐ]”
tj dj → tʃ dʒ
17.7.2.1.8 Old English to Northern Middle Englishæj → aj → ej
{æːj,e(ː)j} → ej
j tʃ → ɡ k
17.7.2.1.10 Old English to Scotsɔ{ɡ,j} → ʌu
17.7.2.1.12 Old English to Southern Middle Englishæj → aj → ej
{æːj,e(ː)j} → ej
17.7.2.1.14 Anglo-Frisian to Old Frisianaj aw ew → {eː,aː} aː ja
17.7.2.2 West Germanic to Old Low Franconianjan → en / CC_#
j → ∅ / CC_
17.7.2.3 Middle High German to Standard German{h,j} → ∅ / V_V
w j → b ɡ / {l,r}_ (occasionally otherwise)
17.7.3 Common Germanic to Proto-Norsej → i / C_
w{o,u}ːwuː j{e,i}ːjiː → uː iː
j → ∅ / _i
o(u) {ɔ,ɑ,au,ai,æ} {ja,jE,æ(i),e(i),y} → u a i
17.7.3.1 Proto-Norse to Old Norsej → ∅ / #_
u {o,ɒ} a au juː → y ø æ y yː / _(C)(C)(C)j
{(j)u,we}ː {o,ɒ}ː aː au → yː øː æː æy
u {o,ɒ} a au juː → y ø æ æy yː / _(C)(C)(C)i
{u,we,wi} {o,ɒ} a au juː → y ø æ æy yː / _(C)(C)(C)i
u {o,ɒ} a au juː → y ø æ æy yː / _(C)(C)(C)j
u {o,ɒ} a au juː → y ø æ æy yː / #(C)(C)_ʀ
woː wøː jæː Vː → wo wøje V[- long] / _%
j → ∅ / Ḱ_
j → ∅ / {c,ɟ}_
j → ∅ / _eː
eː j → e ∅ / Cw_
17.7.3.1.1 Old Norse to Early Icelandichj → ç
17.7.3.1.2 Old Norse to Orkney Norn{t,d}j → tʃ
hw hj → {w,ʍ} ʃ
joː → {u,o,ø} (looks like being in the ultima or the penult may have had something to do with it, but it isn’t clear to me)
ja → i
17.7.3.1.3 Old Norse to Shetland Norndj → dʒ
tj → tʃ / _#
tj → ʃ
hj → ʃ
{ɒ,ey} j{u,o,a}ː yː → o ø u / Ḱ_
j{u,o,a}ː → ø
17.7.4 Common Germanic to Vandalictj → tsj
17.8.1 Proto-Indo-European to Aeolian Greekj → h
17.8.2 Proto-Indo-European to Attic Greekj → h
u(ː)(j) → y(ː)(j)
ej ow → eː oː
j → ∅ / Vː_
ɑj → ɛː
oj → øj → yj (→ yː sometimes)
17.8.3 Proto-Indo-European to Boeotian Greekj → h
{eː,ej} ɛː ɑ(ː)j {oj,ɔːj} → iː eː ɛː {y,ø}
17.8.4 Proto-Indo-European to Coan Greekj → h
17.8.5 Proto-Indo-European to Cretan Greekj → h
17.8.6 Proto-Indo-European to Doric Greekj → h
17.8.7 Proto-Indo-European to Elian Greekj → h
17.8.8 Proto-Indo-European to Ionic Greekj → h
ej ow → eː oː happened “in the various Ionic dialects at various dates”
u(ː)(j) → y(ː)(j)
j → ∅ / Vː_
ɑj → ɛː
oj → øj → yj (→ yː sometimes)
17.8.9 Proto-Indo-European to Laconian Greekj → h
17.8.10 Proto-Indo-European to Mycenaean Greekj → h
17.10.1.1 Proto-Indo-Aryan to Central Middle Indo-Aryana{i,j}(a) a{u,w}(a) → e o
j w → dʒ b / V_V
{bʱ,dʱ,ɡʱ} {j,v} → h ∅ / V_V
17.10.1.2 Proto-Indo-Aryan to Eastern Middle Indo-Aryana{i,j}(a) a{u,w}(a) → e o
j w → dʒ b / V_V
{bʱ,dʱ,ɡʱ} {j,v} → h ∅ / V_V
17.10.1.3 Proto-Indo-Aryan to Northwestern Middle Indo-Aryana{i,j}(a) a{u,w}(a) → e o
j w → dʒ b / V_V
{bʱ,dʱ,ɡʱ} {j,v} → h ∅ / V_V
17.10.1.4 Proto-Indo-Aryan to Western Middle Indo-Aryana{i,j}(a) a{u,w}(a) → e o
j w → dʒ b / V_V
{bʱ,dʱ,ɡʱ} {j,v} → h ∅ / V_V
17.11 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Slavicsj zj → ʃ ʒ
kj ɡj xj → tʃ ʒ ʃ
17.11.1 Proto-Slavic to Polishj → lʲ / {p,b,m,v}_ (sporadic)
ajɛ → ɛː in adjectives, aː in verbs
{aja,ɔja} {ɔjɛ,ɨjɛ} ɨjɛ → aː ɛː iː
{ɛ(ː)jɛ,ьjɛ,ɔjɛ,ujɛ,ɨjɛ} → ɛː
{ɔjɔ̃,ɔ̃jɔ̃,ьjɔ̃} → ɔ̃ː
ьjь ъjь → i ɨ
jь → i / utterance-initially (cf. English utterance-initial glottal stops before vowels)
ji → i / #_
{aja,ɛja,ьja,ɔja} → aː
iji ɨjɨ → i ɨ
j → ∅ / _ɛ “in participial and deverbal forms originally with alveolopalatal consonants in the onsets of two consecutive syllables”
17.11.2 Proto-Slavic to Old Russianmj pj bj → mlʲ plʲ blʲ
tj dj → tʃ, ʒ
je → o / #_
je → o / V_ (sporadic)
j → ∅ / #_u
j → ∅ / V_u (sporadic)
jь → i
17.12.1.1 Proto-Indo-European to Latinaj → ai → eː (in rustic dialects)
aj → ai → ae
oj → oi → oe → uː
j → i / C_
17.12.1.1.1 Classical Latin vs. Vulgar Latinj → ʝ / #_V
j → ʝː / V_V
17.12.1.1.2 Latin to Catalanndj → ɲ
dj → dʒ → ʒ
ɡn tj → ɲ ∅ / V_V
stj → ʃ
tj → s / C_
sj ssj jn → js jʃ ɲ / V_V
mnj → {mni,ɲ} / V_V
lj rj kj ɡj → ʎ jr ts ʒ / V_V
{bj,vj} → wʒ / _%”V
ja → je / #_ (irregular)
k j → ɡ ʒ / V_V
j ɡj ts z n → tʃ i w s ∅ / _#
j → dʒ → ʒ / #_
aj → ej → ee → e (irregular)
aj → ej / _ʃ when stressed (irregular)
ɛj ɔj → jɛj uei / i {u,ui} / stressed
17.12.1.1.3 Latin to Frenchdj → dʒ / r_
j → ∅ / V_”E
j tj → dʒ ts / #_
j → dʒ / V_V (rare)
{ɡn,nj} → ɲ
{kl,ɡl,lj} → ʎ
— (k)kj → ts
— pj → tʃ
— {b,v}j → dʒ
— m{ɲ,j} → ndʒ
sːj zj rj → jsː jz jr
j → ∅ / s_ (sː_?)
j → ∅ / {ʃ,ʒ}_V[-nas]
17.12.1.1.4 Vulgar Latin to Italianj → dʒ / #_
j → dʒ / V_V
{dj,ɡj} lj {nj,ɡn} → dʒ ʎ ɲ
sj → dʒ
{skj,stj,sːj → ʃ
tj ks w → ts sː ɡw
17.12.1.1.5 Latin to Portuguese{olt,okt} → ujt → ut
j → dʒ → ʒ / #_
ks ɡn tj → ʃ ɲ {z,s} / V_V (tj → s is learned)
tj → s / C_V
dj → dʒ → ʒ / V_V
dj → dz → ts → s / r_V
ndj → nts → ns → ɲ / V_V
sj → jʒ / V_V
j → ∅ / i_ʒV
sːj (m)nj lj rj → jʃ ɲʎ jr / V_V
kj → ts → s / V_V
ɡj → {ʒ,j} / V_V (ɡj → j is learned)
pj {bj,vj} → jb jv / V_V
mj → jm (irregular)
j → {∅,ʒ} / V_V (j → ʒ is learned)
17.12.1.1.6 Vulgar Latin to Old Provençal— ju → jeu
βj → j (in forms of habeo and debeo)
j → ∅ / V_”E
Original z (/ts/?) → dj → j
j → dʒ / #_ (but not in Béarn)
j → i / _(s)#
tʃ → jdz → jz / V_V (in the south and northwest)
ɡ → j → dʒ / “[b]etween the last two vowels of a proparoxytone”, though it dropped early in some dialects
j → dʒ / _”E (in the west)
j → ∅ / _”E (else)
j → i / _C
j → dʒ / V_V (did not occur in the northeast and some northern dialects)
p j → b i / _l
p k tʃ b ɡ β j → b ɡ i {b,u,u→y→i} ∅ {u,u→y→i} i / _r
βj → {udʒ,uj} (in northern dialects)
ktj klj → is ʎ
{tʃ(ː),kʷ}j → ts
l{tj,tʃj} ldʒ → lts ldz → uts udz → us uz
lː{j,Vdʒ} lnj → ʎ ɲ
lvj → lbj → ubj
j → ∅ / n_# (in many dialects)
nj → ɲ
mbj → {mbj,mdʒ,ndʒ}
mnj → ɲ (Limousin, as well as extreme eastern and southwest dialects)
mnj → ndʒ (else)
mj → {mj,ɲ}
{ntʃj,ndj} → nts → ns
{ndj,ndʒj} ndʒ → ɲ {ɲ,ndʒ}
ptj → ts → s
pj → ptʃ → tʃ (except in western and some southern dialects)
rtʃj → rts (→ rs ?)
rdj rVɡ → rdz rdʒ
rtj → rts → rs
rːVɡ rːj → rdʒ ir
rtj → rts → rs
rj → rʲ → ir / V_V
rj → rʲ → r / _#
{sːj,stʃj,stj} → ʃ → is (except in the west or extreme east, where the outcome was some flavor of (i)(t)ʃ)
sj → ʒ → (i)(d)ʒ (in some northeastern, northern, and western dialects)
sj → ʒ → {r,z} (rare)
sj → ʒ → iz (the usual outcome)
tVɡ trj → dʒ ir
tːj → ts → s
tj → tʃ → dj → djʒ (?) → dz (in the north and west) or idz (in the south and east)—medial (i)dz became (i)z; i-less forms “prevail in the literary language” and seem to have become common if the dz follows the stress
jd → {dʒ,id}
17.12.1.1.8 Latin to Romaniankj ɡj → tʃ {j,∅} (ɡj → ∅ is rare)
Pj → ɥ
{sj,stj,sːj} → ʃ
j → s / t_
j → z / rd_
dj → ʒ / _”B
dj → z / V_V
ja → e / r_#
j → ∅ / r_
17.12.1.1.9 Latin to Sardinian{i,j} → dʒ / Vr_V (“dialectal”)
l{i,j} → lː → {ts,dz,ldz,dʒ,lː} (“varies”)
{i,j} → ɡ / #_e
n{i,j} t{i,j} → ndʒ ts / _V
17.12.1.1.10 Vulgar Latin to Spanish{tj,kj} {tːj,kːj,ptj,ktj,skj} → ts tːs
{jl,lj} {jn,nj} {jɡ,ɡj} → ʎ ɲ ʝː
bj → ʝː (sporadic)
oj → we (sporadic)
”je.o ”je.a → {”i.o,”jo} ”i.a
jt js → tʃ ʃ
ɾj pj → jɾ jp / V_
sj → js / V_
17.13.1 Proto-Tocharian to Tocharian ACʲj → Cʲː
j → ∅ / w_
{a,ɛ}i əj → e i
17.13.2 Proto-Tocharian to Tocharian B{a,ɛ}i əj → ai i
18 Je-Tupı́-Carib18.3.1 Proto-Tuparí to Makurápj ŋʷ m n → ɲ m {m,p} {∅,t} / _V[+nas]
18.4.2 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Cocamaj → i / _#, in polysyllables
18.4.8 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Sirionój → {j,i} / _#
j → {ɲ,tʃ} / else
18.4.10 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Urubuj b → {j,i} ∅ / _#
23 Macro-Chibchan23.1.1.1.1 Proto-Chibchan to Arhuacoj → ∅ / i_V
j → {j,∅}
23.1.1.1.2 Proto-Chibchan to Chibchaj → ∅
23.1.1.1.3 Proto-Chibchan to Kogij → i / C(V)_
n j → {n,∅} {j,∅}
23.1.1.1.4 Proto-Chibchan to Marocacerod(V)j s(V)j → lʲ dʒ
23.1.1.1.5 Proto-Chibchan to Motilón{ue,aja} → ə
23.1.1.1.6 Proto-Chibchan to Tunebo{d(V)s,n(V)j} n(V)s → r {VsV,r}
d(V)j → r(V)
m n h j → b {n,r,∅} {h,∅} {j,∅}
25 Macro-Panoan25.1.3 Proto-Tacanan to Reyesanoj → tʃ / V_V
25.1.4 Proto-Tacanan to Tacanaj → tʃ / V_V
26 Mande26.2 Proto-Mande to Busaj → i
26.7 Proto-Mande to Mandekanw j → k dʒ
26.11 Proto-Mande to Semblaj → dʒ
28 Muskogean28.2 Proto-Muskogean to Proto-Western Muskogeanoj aj → iː {aː,iː}
29 Na-Dene29.1.1.1.10 Proto-Athabaskan to Easter Gwich’inj w → ʒ v
29.1.1.1.11 Proto-Athabaskan to Hanj → ʒ / $_
29.1.1.1.21 Proto-Eastern Southern Athabaskan to Kiowa Apache{xʲ,j}ʔ {x,ɣ}ʔ → ∅ h(ʔ) / _#
{d,j} → j / ∅ / _#
xʲ j → ʃ ʒ
29.1.1.1.22 Proto-Eastern Southern Athabaskan to Jicarillaxʲ xʔ j ɣʔ → h ʔ ∅ ʔ / E_#
xʲ xʔ j ɡʔ → ih iʔ i iʔ / _#
xʲʔ jʔ → h ʔ / _#
j → ɣ / _E
29.1.1.1.23 Proto-Eastern Southern Athabaskan to Lipanxʲ j → ʃ ∅ / _#
{xʲ,j}ʔ → ∅ / _#
j → ɣ / _E
29.1.1.1.24 Proto-Southern Athabaskan to Proto-Western Southern Athabaskanj → ɣ / _E
29.1.1.1.25 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to Chiricahuaxʲ j → ʃ ∅ / _#
{xʲ,j}ʔ → ∅ / _#
29.1.1.1.26 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to Mescaleroxʲ j → ʃ ∅ / _#
{xʲ,j}ʔ → ∅ / _#
29.1.1.1.27 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to Navajoxʲ(ʔ) j(ʔ) → h ʔ / _#
j → ɣ / _E
29.1.1.1.28 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to San Carlosx(ʲ) {j,ɣ} → h ∅ / _#
xʲʔ jʔ → h ʔ / _#
30 Niger-Congo30.1.1.3.1 Proto-Sam to Amu{ndj,nz} → n̪d̪
30.1.1.3.2 Proto-Sam to Bajuni{ndj,nz} ɲz → n̪d̪ n̪ ð
30.1.1.3.3 Proto-Sam to Mwiinindj → n̪d̪
30.1.1.3.4 Proto-Sam to Siu-Pate{ndj,nz} z → n̪d̪ ð
30.2 Proto-Potou-Akanic-Bantu to Proto-Potou-Akanicɟ ʄ j c ɠʷ → c ɟ ʄ t ɠ̥p
30.2.1.1 Proto-Akanic to AkanjV[+nas] → jV[-nas] / #_
30.3.1.1.1 Proto-Gbe to Ajáj{ã,ẽ} → {ɥ,ɥ̃} / _E
j → ɲ / _V[+ nas]
30.3.1.1.3 Proto-Gbe to Proto-Fon{t,k}j {d,ɡ}j → tʃ dʒ
30.3.1.1.4 Proto-Gbe to Proto-Gen{t,k}j {d,ɡ}j → tʃ dʒ
j → ɲ / _V[+ nas]
30.3.1.1.6 Proto-Phla-Pherá to Aladaj → ∅ / {ʃ,ʒ}_
30.3.1.1.7 Proto-Gbe to Proto-Vhej → ɲ / _V[+ nas]
30.3.1.1.11 Proto-Vhe to Kpándoj → ∅ / {ts,dz}_
31 Nyulnyulan31.1 Proto-Nyulnyulan to Bardi{w,j} → ∅ / #_
{w,j} → ∅ / V0_V0
aji → iː / when unstressed
i{w,j} → ∅ / _a, when unstressed
j → ∅ / i_
32 Oto-Manguean32.1.1 Proto-Chatino to Papabuco Chatinoj → nʲ “under obscure conditions (PC morphophonemics?)”
32.2 Proto-Oto-Manguean to Tlapanecj → l(V)
{ns,nt} nkʷ nj nw → (n)d (m)b r m
34 Quechumaran34.2 Proto-Quechumaran to Boliviaj → ∅ / i_{a,u}
j → ∅ / u_ʎ
34.4 Proto-Quechumaran to Huarásaw aj {uj,ij} → uː eː iː
34.8 Proto-Quechumaran to Santiagoj → ∅ / i_{a,u}
j → ∅ / u_ʎ
35 Salishan35.1.1 Proto-Central Salish to Comoxw j → ɡ dʒ / _V
35.1.5 Proto-Central Salish to Klallamw j → kʷ tʃ / _V
35.1.6 Proto-Central Salish to Lushootseedw j → ɡʷ dz / _V
35.1.8 Proto-Central Salish to Lummi Northern Straitsj → tʃ / _V
35.1.9 Proto-Central Salish to Saanich Northern Straitsj w → tʃ kʷ / _V
35.1.10 Proto-Central Salish to Songish Northern Straitsj w → tʃ kʷ / _V
35.1.11 Proto-Central Salish to Sooke Northern Straitsj w → tʃ kʷ / _V
36 Sino-Tibetan36.1.1.1 Old Mandarin to Modern Pekingesej → ∅ / jî_
j → ∅ / C̣_
j → ∅ / C_weŋ
36.2 Sin Sukchu to Guānhuàj → i
uj → (ɣ)u
uj → u(ɛ)i / m_
uj → uɛi / {P,C[+guttural],∅}_
uj → ui / {C[+dental],C[+sibilant]}_
ujʔ → uɛʔ (dialectally → uɔʔ?)
juŋ → iuŋ / _{∅,x,ʋ,ʔ}
juŋ → iuŋ / _ɡ[+píng tone]
juŋ → uŋ (→ oŋ dialectally?)
jujŋ ujŋ → iuŋ uŋ
yjʔ → yʔ
je jeʔ yeʔ → ɛ ɛʔ uɛʔ / C̣_
je jeʔ → iɛ iɛʔ
ye jej → yɛ i
jew → au / C̣(C?)_
jew → iau / else
{jem,jen} → iɛn / sometimes after C̣_ (but ! ʐ_) (only in one variety?)
wɔn ja wa → uɔn ia ua
jaʔ → iaʔ
aj jaj waj aw jaw → ai iai uai au iau
{jawʔ,wawʔ} → ɔʔ / C̣_
jawʔ wawʔ → iɔʔ uɔʔ
{jam,jan} → iɛn
aŋ jaŋ → uaŋ aŋ / C̣_
əjʔ əw {əm,ən} → eʔ ɛu ɛn
əjŋ → ɛn (varies with ɛn?)
36.3.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to bTshan Lap b çp çb sP rP Np Nb pr {br,pj} bj → pʰ p ʝb çp sp rpʰ mpʰ mb br pʰj pj
(ʔ)kj (s)ɡj Nkj → (k)tç (s)kj Ndʒ
rnj → rɲ ?
aj → i
36.3.2.1.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Chos Kiap çp (ç)b rP Np Nb pr {br,pj} → p. ç.w (ç)p rp. kj m.p n.br p.j
kj Nkj ʔkj ɡj sɡj → kj. nj ɡ.tsʰ kj skj.
rnj → r.mj
j → ∅ / n_
uj → ui
oj → oi
a ap at ar am aj → e eb e(d) er om e.i
{k,j} → ∅ / i_
et ej → o e.i
36.3.2.2 Proto-rGyalrongic to Japhugʑ j → ndʑ ʑ
36.3.2.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Kham ToNkj ɡj sɡj → mj ts stʃj
ŋ(w) N{ŋ,nj} → ȵ mɳ
j → ∅ / {ʃ,r}n_
uj → os
aj → oi
ej → ai
{ŋ,j} → ∅ / i_
36.3.2.2.2 Proto-rGyalrongic to lCog Rtse(N)p Nb sP çp çb pr br {p,b}j → (m)pʰ (m)p sp ʝb çp br pʰj pʰj
(P)ɡ sɡ çK Nɡ k sk rk (s)ɡj (ʔ)kj → (p)k sk çk mk kʰ zɡ Nɡ (s)kj (ʔ)kʰj
Nkj (s)ɡr Kç kr skr ɡr → mɡj (s)kr ɡçkr kʰr zɡr Nɡr
36.3.2.2.3 Proto-rGyalrongic to Patiim it ik is ij → em u e es e
36.3.2.2.4 Proto-rGyalrongic to Suo Moɡj → cç ? (might be → tsç?)
ʔkj → ktʃ.
nj → ɲ / #(r)_
j → dz / #_
36.3.2.2.6 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tsa Ku Naokj → tʃ.
Nnj → mɲ
nj rnj → nj rɲ
uj → ue
ew e ej → ə i ei
j → ∅ / i_
36.3.2.2.7 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tzu Tak rk kr kj Nkj ɡr → kʰdz nɡ kʰr tʃh dʒ nkʰr
Nnj → mɲ ?
j → s / #_
aw aj → au ai
iw ij → iu ei
36.3.2.2.8 Proto-rGyalrongic to Wassuk kr kj ɡ → k. k.r ts. ɡ
Nnj çnj → mn ʃn
aj → ui
ij → e
36.3.3.1 Old Tibetan to Amdo dialectsk(ʰ){r,j} ɡ{r,j} → tɕ(ʰ) dʑ
37 Siouan-Iroquoian37.1.1 Proto-Iroquoian to Cherokee{wV,jV} → Vː[+low falling tone]
iji → iː
j → ∅ / ts_
37.1.2 Proto-Iroquoian to Proto-Northern Iroquoianiji(ː) → hi(ː) / {k,s}_ “(possibly after all non-glottal obstruents)”
37.1.2.1 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Cayugaj → ∅ / ts_
37.1.2.2 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Huronj → ∅ / ts_
j → ∅ / #_V
j → ∅ / V_{V,#}
37.1.2.2.1 Huron to Wyandotw j → m ɲ / between two vowels of unlike nasality
j → ʒ / {#,ʔ,V}_V
37.1.2.3 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Onondagajh → hj
37.1.2.4.1 Proto-Mohawk-Oneida to Mohawkjh → hj
— j → ∅ / ts_
37.1.2.4.2 Proto-Mohawk-Oneida to Oneida— jV → ∅ / Ci_(H)#
37.1.2.5 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Senecaj → ∅ / _ts
37.1.2.6 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Tuscaroraj → ∅ / tʃ_
n r w j → n̥ r̥ w̥ j̊ / _{#,O}
37.1.2.6.1 Tuscarora to Western Tuscarorajʔ → ʔj
r̥ w̥ j̊ → s f ʃ
37.2.7.2 Proto-Ohio-Valley to OfoL j → t tʃ
38 Tai-Kadai38.1.1.3.3 Central Tai to Tay(ʔ)j → ʒ
38.1.1.3.4 Central Tai to Tho(ʔ)j → ʒ
40 Totozoquean40.2 Proto-Totozoquean to Proto-Totonacanj → t
41 Trans-New Guinea41.2 Proto-Trans New Guinea to Asmatp t nj → {t,r} {r,s,t} s / _#
41.3 Proto-Trans New Guinea to Binanderenj → s / #_ (?)
ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ nj → {p,ᵐb} {ⁿd,z} k z / V_V
41.5.1.2 Proto-Gorokan to North ForeNw Nm N{n,j} → ŋk mp nt
41.5.1.3 Proto-Gorokan to South ForeNw Nm N{n,j} → ŋk mp nt
41.5.2.1 Proto-Kainantu to AuyanaN{w,d,r} nj → ŋk nt (not sure if *nj is supposed to be *ɲɟ)
41.5.2.4 Proto-Kainantu to UsarufaN{w,r} Nj → ʔk ʔt
41.8 Proto-Trans New Guinea to Kiwait ᵐb ⁿd {k,ᵑɡ} nj → {r,t} p {d,t} ɡ r / V_V
41.9 Proto-Trans New Guinea to Selepett ᵐb nj s → r {b,p} ⁿd {s,d} / V_V
42 Uralic42.1.1 Pre-Finnic to Proto-Finnicej → i / unstressed
ji → O / {i,e,y}
j → ∅ / C_i{C,#}
yje → øː → jø (?)
uw ij → ow ej / _C
tj → ts / ! following a coronal obstruent or “before a derivational suffix”
42.1.1.1 Proto-Finnic to Proto-Finnishj w → i U / V_{C,#}
j → ∅ / _i (*)
42.1.1.1.1 Proto-Finnish to Standard Finnishj → i / C_, when initial in a suffix
42.1.2 Proto-Finnic to Livoniandj lj rj ɡj → dʲ lːʲ rːʲ jɡ
lʋ rʋ jʋ → lː rː jː
43 Uto-Aztecan43.1 Proto-Uto-Aztecan to Comanche{w,j} → ∅ / medial
43.5.1.1 Proto-Mono-Kawaiisu to Kawaiisujː → j
43.6 Proto-Uto-Aztecan to Tohono O’odhamj → dʒ / _V[+high]
j → d / _V[+low]
44 Vasconic44.2 Proto-Basque to Basquej → ʝ → j (northern High Navarrese, most Labourd, some Biscayan)
j → ʝ → ʒ (Souletin, sporadic in northwestern Biscayan)
j → ʝ (some Biscayan and Navarrese)
j → ʝ → ɟ (typical of Low Navarrese)
j → ʝ → ʒ → dʒ (northwestern Biscayan)
j → ʝ → ʒ → ʃ (Aescoan, Salazarese, Roncalese, most southern High Navarrese)
j → ʝ → ʒ → ʃ → x (Guipuscoan, northwestern High Navarrese, eastern Biscayan)
j → χ (probably through intermediates like above, Wikipedia doesn’t go into particulars of how and where)
45 Yuman-Cochimı́45.1.1 Proto-Pai to Chapai{w,j} → ∅ / a_
45.1.2 Proto-Pai to Paipaiaw aj → o e
45.1.3 Proto-Pai to Tipaiɲj → n ∅ / ʔ_
46 Vowel Shifts46.7 Great Vowel Shift (English)iː uː → əj əw → ɑj ɑw
46.14 Pre-Slavic Vowel Changesej → i
aj → {æ2,i2} “(reduced)”
46.19 Southern [United States] Shift (English)ɛj(ə) ɪj(ə) i eɪ → ej(ə) ij(ə) ɪi ɛi
47 Most-Wanted Sound Changes47.1 List 1: Simple Consonant Changesj → p (some Polynesian languages, such as Levei and Drehet) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Austronesian_language)

to /j/

474 matches

6 Afro-Asiatic6.1.1.3 North Omotic to Kafaz zː → j dʒː
6.1.1.5 North Omotic to Shekkachoz → j / {#,V}_
6.1.1.7 North Omotic to Yemsatʃ ʒ → ʔj s
6.2.1.1.3 Proto-Agaw to Kemantneyt → j / medially
6.2.2.1.2 Proto-Boreafrasian to Egypto-Berberl → j / #_iC ?
6.2.2.1.6 Classical Arabic to Cypriot Arabic{l,n}j → jː
6.2.2.1.8 Classical Arabic to Coastal Hadhrami Arabicdʒ → j, occasionally ɟ or dʒ in educated speech
6.2.2.1.9 Classical Arabic to Wādı̄ Hadhrami Arabicdʒ → j, occasionally ɟ or dʒ in educated speech
6.2.2.1.10 Classical Arabic to Hassāniyya Arabicʔ → {∅,j,w} / depending on the environment; again, the article is unclear
6.2.2.1.11 Classical Arabic to Iraqi Arabicɡʲ → j / in southern regions
6.2.2.1.12 Classical Arabic to Eastern Libyan Arabicaj aw → e(ː,j) o(ː,w)
6.2.2.1.17 Classical Arabic to Tunisian Arabicaj aw → {aj,eː,iː aw,oː,uː}
7 Algonquian7.3 Proto-Algonquian to Proto-Arapaho-AtsinaW → j / C_
7.4 Proto-Algonquian to Blackfoot{ʔθ,ʔr} → {ʔ,j,∅}
∅ → j / {oːw,iːj}_i#
w → j / {r,k}_i#
{jiː,ja,ahi} {owaː,awa,awe} awi {iːwa,eːwa,aji,aje,ani} → i oː o(ji) iː / C_C
w → j / _i
{iː,ij,j} → j / C_B
7.6 Proto-Algonquian to Northern East Creelwi → jo
{n,q,h}ʃ {n,q,h}l → s {h,j,hj}
l → j
7.7 Proto-Algonquian to Southern East Creelwi → jo
l → j
7.8 Proto-Algonquian to Plains Creelwi → jo
{n,q,h}ʃ {n,q,h}l → s {h,j,hj}
l → j
7.9 Proto-Algonquian to Swampy Creelwi → jo
7.10 Proto-Algonquian to Woods Creelwi → jo
{n,q,h}ʃ {n,q,h}l → s {h,j,hj}
8 Altaic8.1 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Japonicdʒ → j
j → {j,∅}
8.1.1 Early Middle Japanese to Modern Japanese(w)e → je
au iu uu eu ou → ɔː juː uː joː oː
8.2 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Koreanj → {j,∅}
8.3 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Mongolica e i o u æ ø y → {a,i} {e,ja} {e,i} {ø,y,o} {o,u,y} {i,a,e} {e,ø} {ø,y,o,u} / _Ce
pʰ → {h,j} / #_
nʲ → {j,n} / else
ŋ → {∅,j} / #_
j → {j,h}
8.5 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Turkica e i u æ ø y → a {a,ʌ,e} {ɯ,i} {u,o} {ia,ja,ɛ} {ia,ja} ɯ / _Ca
e → ja / #_C{e,i}
a {e,i} o u æ ø y → {ɛ,a} ɛ {ø,o} {y,u} {ia,ja,ɛ} {ia,ja} {y,ø} / _Ci
a e i æ ø y → {o,ja,aj} {ʌ,ɜ} ɯ {ia,ja} {o,u} {u,o} / _Co
{pʰ,ŋ} → {∅,j} / #_
m n(ʲ) → b j / #_
{ʒ,dʒ} → j / #_ (marked as to Pre-Proto-Turkic)
{d,n} → j / #_ (?) (marked as to Pre-Proto-Turkic)
{d,n}ʲ sʲ → j ʃ / #_
8.5.1 Proto-Turkic to Proto-Kypchaknʲ → j
{d,ɡ} → j / ø_
d → ð → j / V_
ew (→ øj) → yj
8.5.1.2 Proto-Kypchak to Kyrgyznj → jn
8.5.2 Proto-Turkic to Sakha{e,ɤ}ː → je (the second one is conjectured based on my admittedly sparse knowledge of Turkish; I can only guess that 〈ė〉 is some sort of back unrounded vowel)
eɡ → {je,iː,ji}
9 Austroasiatic9.1.1 Proto-Vietic to Muong Khen{pj,bj} {tj,dj} {cj,ɟj} → b d j
9.1.2 Proto-Vietic to Middle Vietnamesel → j / else
9.1.2.2 Middle Vietnamese to Saigon Vietnamese{β,w} → bj~vj~v
dʲ ɟ → z j
10 Austronesian10.1.1 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Proto-Bali-Sasak-Sumbawanj z → d j
— aj aw → ej ow / _#
10.1.2.1 Proto-Philippine to Bicoliw → uj
10.1.2.2 Proto-Philippine to Cebuanoiw → uj
10.1.2.3 Proto-Philippine to Hiligaynoniw → uj
10.1.2.4 Proto-Philippine to Ibanagiw → uj
10.1.2.5 Proto-Philippine to Ifugao∅ → j / _iw#
10.1.2.6 Proto-Philippine to Ilocanoiw → uj
10.1.2.8 Proto-Philippine to Kankanayiw → uj
10.1.2.9 Proto-Philippine to Tagaloguj iw → oj uj / _#
10.1.2.10 Proto-Philippine to Warayiw → uj
10.2 Proto-Austronesian to Proto-Batakz → j (fricative changes to approximant)
10.2.1 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Proto-Chamicz j → j d
i iw u → ɔj ? ɔw / _#
10.2.2 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Chamorro∅ → j / i_a
10.2.3 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Proto-Malayicz → j
— aj aw → aj aw / _#
10.2.4 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Proto-Malayo-Javanic— aw aj → əw əj / _#
— aw aj → aw aj / _#
10.2.4.1 Proto-Malayo-Javanic to Javaneseiw uj → ju i / _#
10.2.4.2 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Maduresez → jʰ
ij uw → uj {uj,ój} / _#
10.2.4.3 Proto-Malayo-Javanic to Sundanese{l,j} z → r j
R → {∅,r,j}
iw uj → {ju,i} oj / _#
— aw aj → o aj / _#
10.2.5 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Palauan∅ → j / i_V
j l → r j
10.2.6.1 Proto-North Sarawak to Kiputi → əj / _V “(also cases of (C)i → j /__V)”
10.2.6.2.1 Proto-Kenyah to Òma Lónghi u → əj əw / _V(C)#
10.2.6.3 Proto-Malayic to Minangkabau— a u → e uj / _{t,s}#
10.3.2 Proto-Oceanic to Hiwl → j
10.3.4 Proto-Oceanic to Mwotlapr → j
10.3.5.1 Proto-New Caledonia to Caaàcpː pwː tː ʈː qː kː → pʰ pwʰ cʰ tʰ h jʰ
t c → l j / V_V
10.3.5.2 Proto-New Caledonia to Jawépː pwː t̪ː tː kː cː → pʰ hʷ t̪ʰ tʰ h jʰ
10.3.5.3 Proto-New Caledonia to Nemi-Pije-Fwaipː pwː tː t̪ː kː cː → f hʷ t̪ʰ tʰ h jʰ
10.3.5.4 Proto-New Caledonia to Proto-Northern∅ → j / #_a
10.3.5.4.1 Proto-Northern to Nixumwak-Nêlêmwacʰ → {ʃ,jʰ}
pw p t ʈ k c → (v)w v r l ɣ j / V_V
10.3.5.5 Proto-New Caledonia to Nyelâyuk t s → j c t̪
p pw t̪ ʈ c → v (v)w r l j / V_V
10.3.5.6 Proto-New Caledonia to Pwaameiq k t s → k j c t
k c → ∅ {j,∅} / V_V
10.3.5.8 Proto-New Caledonia to Proto-Yunagapː pwː t̪ː tː ʈː cː kː → pʰ pwʰ t̪ʰ tʰ ʈʰ jʰ h
p pw t̪ ʈ k c → v w ð l ∅ j / V_V
10.3.7 Proto-Oceanic to Shark Bayɣ s d → ∅ {j dr} / _#
ɣ s d → ∅ {j dr} / “before a post-tonic vowel”
10.3.9.1 Proto-Utupua to Asuboac ɲ → ∅ {ɲ,j}
t r l → {j,s} {j,∅} j / _u
10.3.9.3 Proto-Utupua to Tanibilip t {r,l} → ∅ s j / _u
k → {∅,j} / _#
10.3.10.3 Proto-Vanikoro to Vanoc *R → {j,∅} l
10.3.11 Proto-Oceanic to Proto-Southern Vanuatuɲ → j
10.4.1 Proto-Micronesian to Marshallesef → j / else
∅ → j / #_{aC[+low],V[-back],C[-back]}
10.5 Proto-Austronesian to Proto-Onganɟ ɡ *N *R → {ɟ,j} {ɟ,ɡ} {l,j} {l,r}
h → {h,j,∅} (Blevins has marked what apparently is *ɟ but I’m assuming it’s an error)
10.5.1 Proto-Ongan to Jarawaɡ → j
10.7.1 Proto-Rukai to Budai Rukai{v,ʔ} ð → ∅ j
11 Northeast Caucasian11.4 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Lakqʼ qʼː ɡ → {qʼ,j} qʼ {qː,ɣ}
11.5.1 Proto-Lezgic to Agultɬ tɬː tɬʼ tɬːʼ dɮ → xʲ x kʼ kː {,j,xʲ}
11.5.3 Proto-Lezgic to Lezghiʃː ɬ ɬː x xː → ɣʲ j ʃ ɣ x
11.5.4 Proto-Lezgic to Rutultɬː tɬʼ tɬːʼ dɮ → xʲ qʼ q(ʼ) {w,xʲ,j}
12 Northwest Caucasian12.2 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Proto-Circassian{qˤʲ,χˤʲ} qˤʲ ʁˤʲ {qˤʲː qˤʲʼ} → ħ ʔ j
12.2.1.1 Adyghe to Abadzekh Adyghetʃʼ tɬʼ → ʔaj~ʔ ɬʼ
12.3 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Ubykhl lʲ → ∅~j l~ɣʲ
13 Chumashan13.6 Proto-Chumash to Ventureñoˀm ˀn ˀl ˀj → m n l j
14 Elamo-Dravidian14.1 Proto-Elamo-Dravidian to Proto-Dravidians → j / V_{V,#}
14.3.1 Standard Tamil to Colloquial Tamilavu aji → aw aj
j → jːi / E_#
15 Eskimo-Aleut15.2.2 Proto-Eskimo to Greenlandic Iñupiaqiv → uj / _u
15.2.5 Proto-Eskimo to Kuskokwim Yup’ikiv → j / #_u
15.2.6 Proto-Eskimo to Nunivak Yup’ikiv → j / #_u
15.2.7 Proto-Eskimo to Siberian Yup’ikiv → j / #_u
15.2.8 Proto-Eskimo to Unaaliq Yup’ikiv → j / #_u
17 Indo-European17.1.1 Proto-Indo-European to Gheg Albaniani̯ → j / _B
{m̩,n̩} l̩ r̩ → e uj {ri,ir}
a e i o → {a,e} (j)e {e,i} a
17.1.2 Proto-Indo-European to Tosk Albaniani̯ → j / _B
{m̩,n̩} l̩ r̩ → e uj {ri,ir}
a e i o → {a,e} (j)e {e,i} a
17.2.2 Common Anatolian to Luwian{ḱ,k} → j / _e(ː)
17.2.3 Common Anatolian to Lycian{ɡ́,ɡ} → j / _e(ː)
17.2.5 Common Anatolian to Palaicw → j / “in *díwots > Tiyaz ‘sun-god’; conditioning unknown”
17.3.1 Proto-Indo-European to Artsakh Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
bʱ dʱ ɡ́ʱ ɡʷʱ → p t j k / #_
17.3.2 Proto-Indo-European to Erevan Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
17.3.3 Proto-Indo-European to Istanbul Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
bʱ ɡ́ʱ ɡ(ʷ)ʱ → b j k / #_
17.3.4 Proto-Indo-European to Kharpert Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
bʱ dʱ ɡ́ʱ ɡ(ʷ)ʱ → p t j k / #_
17.3.5 Proto-Indo-European to Sebastia Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
17.3.6 Proto-Indo-European to Southeast Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
bʱ ɡ́ʱ ɡʷʱ → b j ɡ / #_
bʱ dʱ ɡ́ʱ ɡʱ ɡ(ʷ)ʱ → p t j k / #_
17.3.7 Proto-Indo-European to Southwest Armenian{e,o}j ɛw → ɛj ow
bʱ ɡ́ʱ ɡʷʱ → b j ɡ / #_
17.6 Proto-Indo-European to Daciane → je / in open syllables, when stressed
e → ja / in closed syllables, when stressed
17.7 Proto-Indo-European to Common Germanic{i,j} {u,w} → j w / V[+short]C_
{i,j} {u,w} → ij uw
17.7.1 Common Germanic to Gothiciw → ju / [- stress]
17.7.2.1 West Germanic to Anglo-Frisiank ɡ → tʃ j(?)
ia iu → jaː juː
17.7.2.1.2 Old English to Kentish Middle Englishæj → aj → ej
{æːj,e(ː)j} → ej
eːɑw iːw → ew ju
17.7.2.1.3 Old English to Midlands Middle Englishæj → aj → ej
{æːj,e(ː)j} → ej
eːɑw iːw → ew ju
17.7.2.1.6 Early Modern English to Australian Englishsj zj lj → ʃ ʒ j~ɫj / else “(j~ɫj fluctuation is formality)”
17.7.2.1.8 Old English to Northern Middle Englishæj → aj → ej
{æːj,e(ː)j} → ej
eːɑw iːw → ew ju
17.7.2.1.9 Early Northern Middle English to Scots— øː → (j){u,ʌ} / _{k,x} (outcome varies depending upon dialect)
— ai oi ui ei au ou iu ɛ(o)u → eː oe əi iː {ɑː,ɔː} ʌu ju j(ʌ)u
17.7.2.1.10 Old English to Scotsoː → ju / {n,x}_
17.7.2.1.12 Old English to Southern Middle Englishæj → aj → ej
{æːj,e(ː)j} → ej
eːɑw iːw → ew ju
17.7.2.1.14 Anglo-Frisian to Old Frisiank ɡ → tʃ j / _E
ɡ → j / E_
aj aw ew → {eː,aː} aː ja
17.7.2.2.1 Old Low Franconian to Middle Dutchiu → ju / #_ (in some northern dialects)
17.7.3 Common Germanic to Proto-NorseEβu Eβo → juː joː
i → j / _V ! in #U
17.7.3.1 Proto-Norse to Old NorseEːBː Eːaː → joː jaː / {v,w}_
e → ja / ! {{h,k,ŋ}n,w,v,l,r}_, _{u,o,i}
e → jɒ / _(C)(C)(C)u ! {{h,k,ŋ}n,w,v,l,r}_
e → ja / _(C)(C)(C)u ! {{h,k,ŋ}n,w,v,l,r}_
ey → {jo,æ}ː / _ʀ
Eː{u,o}ː Eːaː → joː jaː / {v,w}_
woː wøː jæː Vː → wo wøje V[- long] / _%
eː{Bː,i(ː)} → joː / _C[+ alveolar]#
eː{Bː,i(ː)} → juː
∅ → j / {y,e}(ː)_a
17.7.3.1.1 Old Norse to Early Icelandicɡ ɟ → ɣ j / V_V
u oː aː ʏɪ {y,i} {y,i}ː æː eː ey → ʏ ou au ai y ɪ i je ei
17.7.3.1.2 Old Norse to Orkney Nornɡn ɡl → nj lj
17.7.3.1.3 Old Norse to Shetland Nornau → j{o,ɔ}
e eː → {æ,ɛ,e} {(j)ɛ,je}
17.7.4 Common Germanic to Vandalictj → tsj
17.8.2 Proto-Indo-European to Attic Greeku(ː)(j) → y(ː)(j)
oj → øj → yj (→ yː sometimes)
ɡ x → j ç / _{ɛ,i}
”{i,e}V → j”V
17.8.8 Proto-Indo-European to Ionic Greeku(ː)(j) → y(ː)(j)
oj → øj → yj (→ yː sometimes)
17.10.1.2 Proto-Indo-Aryan to Eastern Middle Indo-Aryanb {d,dʒ,ɡ} → v j / V_V
17.11 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Slavici u → ь ъj
{a(ː)u,o(ː)u} e(ː)u → u ju
17.11.1 Proto-Slavic to Polishɛ̃ ɔ̃ → ɛj̃ ɔj̃ / _F[+palatal]
ȵ → j̃ / _F
tɕts ʑr̝ → jts jr̝
ɕtɕ → js / _{t͜s,s}
17.11.2 Proto-Slavic to Old Russianẽ õ → ja u
∅ → j / #_a
17.12.1.1.1 Classical Latin vs. Vulgar Latin{e,i} → j / C_V when unstressed
17.12.1.1.2 Latin to Catalani → j / ”V_#
p b t d k ɡ → β {β,w} ∅ {j,w} ɣ {j,∅,ɡ} / V_rV
p k → ∅ j / V_tV
k → j / _s#
sj ssj jn → js jʃ ɲ / V_V
lj rj kj ɡj → ʎ jr ts ʒ / V_V
ja → je / #_ (irregular)
aj → ej → ee → e (irregular)
aj → ej / _ʃ when stressed (irregular)
ɛj ɔj → jɛj uei / i {u,ui} / stressed
17.12.1.1.3 Latin to French— {i,e} → j / _V
k ɡ → tj dj / _E
k → js / V_sV
k → j / _s#
{k,ɡ} → j / _{a,C}
kʷ → j{v,u} / V_a
∅ → j / {ʃ,ʒ,sj,zj}”{a,é}_ in U[+open]
sːj zj rj → jsː jz jr
ʎ r → j ʁ
17.12.1.1.4 Vulgar Latin to ItaliankVl → kːj / unstressed
ɛ → jɛ / unstressed ! _{dʒ,ʎ,ɲ}
l → j / #C_
17.12.1.1.5 Latin to Portuguese{olt,okt} → ujt → ut
ɡ → j / V_r
k → j / V_tV
sj → jʒ / V_V
sːj (m)nj lj rj → jʃ ɲʎ jr / V_V
ɡj → {ʒ,j} / V_V (ɡj → j is learned)
pj {bj,vj} → jb jv / V_V
mj → jm (irregular)
k → j / _s#
sk k → jʃ z / V_{i,e}
e → j / {a,o,u}_
17.12.1.1.6 Vulgar Latin to Old Provençal— ɛ ɔ → jɛ wɔ (intermittent, “least common in the southwest”)
— ɛ → jɛ / _{u,i,ʎ,rʲ,ʃ,ʒ,j,tʃ,dʒ} (except in some northern and western dialects, or if this u ← l or if this i ← ð)
— ju → jeu
— E → j (presumably in the vicinity of another vowel)
— CVK → CVj (intermittent if C was a resonant)
βj → j (in forms of habeo and debeo)
Original z (/ts/?) → dj → j
ɡ → {k,j} / V_ (if /j/ resulted, it dropped after /i/; forms with k are “most persistent in the west” and more common overall)
tʃ → jdz → jz / V_V (in the south and northwest)
ɡ → j / _a (in the north and east; further → dʒ in the north)
ɡ → j → dʒ / “[b]etween the last two vowels of a proparoxytone”, though it dropped early in some dialects
dʒ → j
βj → {udʒ,uj} (in northern dialects)
lvj → lbj → ubj
mbj → {mbj,mdʒ,ndʒ}
mj → {mj,ɲ}
tj → tʃ → dj → djʒ (?) → dz (in the north and west) or idz (in the south and east)—medial (i)dz became (i)z; i-less forms “prevail in the literary language” and seem to have become common if the dz follows the stress
17.12.1.1.7 Vulgar Latin to Rhaeto-Romanceɛ e → ej je
17.12.1.1.8 Latin to Romanianli → lj / _V
l → lj / _i
kj ɡj → tʃ {j,∅} (ɡj → ∅ is rare)
l → j / {k,ɡ}_
17.12.1.1.9 Latin to Sardiniani → j / V_V
i → j / _V
17.12.1.1.10 Vulgar Latin to Spanish{k,ɡ} → x → j / _{t,s,n,l}
ɛ ɔ → je we
”je.o ”je.a → {”i.o,”jo} ”i.a
ɾj pj → jɾ jp / V_
sj → js / V_
ʎ → j
17.13 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Tocharianp {ts,k(ʷ)} m n l r y → pj sʲ ʂ mj ɲ lj rj wj / _{E(:),y}
ih1 i{h2,h3} → jə jɨ
(h1)e (h1)eː → jə jɛː / #_
oy ay ey → ɛi ai əj
17.13.1 Proto-Tocharian to Tocharian An → j / V_sV ! E_
V → j / V_nʲtʲ ! V = E
18 Je-Tupı́-Carib18.2.2 Proto-Ofaié-Jê to Ofaié-XavanteɲV → jṼ
ŋ → j̃ / #_ (not sure if this nasalizes the following vowel or not)
ŋʷ hʷ → j̃ h
18.4.2 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Cocamaiʔ uʔ → j w / C_V
18.4.6 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Kamayuráts → {h,j,∅}
18.4.8 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Sirionój → {j,i} / _#
18.4.10 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Urubuj b → {j,i} ∅ / _#
20 Khoisan20.1.1 Proto-Khoe to ǁ̬Anah → j / _E
20.1.2 Proto-Khoe to ǁAnih → j~ʔ / _E
20.1.3 Proto-Khoe to Buga!̃n → ŋɡj~!̃
h → j
20.1.4 Proto-Khoe to Kxoe!x !̃n → x ŋɡj~!̃
h → j
20.1.8 Proto-Khoe to Tetiǀ̃(n) → j
ǂ ǂ̃n ǂˀ → c ɲ ʔj
h → j~ʔj / _E
h → h~ʔj
20.1.9 Proto-Khoe to Tsʔixaǀ̃(n) ǀxʼ → j ǀˀ
h → j~ʔj / _E
h → h~j
20.1.10 Proto-Khoe to ǀ̬Uih → j / _E
21 Lakes Plain21.1.1 Proto-Far West to Aweraiiɛ Vdiɛ → ijɛ βe
21.1.3 Proto-Far West to Rasawaiiɛ Vdiɛ → ijɛ βie
21.2.3.6 Proto-West Tariku to Tauseti di → s j / _V
23 Macro-Chibchan23.1.1.1.1 Proto-Chibchan to Arhuacoj → {j,∅}
23.1.1.1.3 Proto-Chibchan to Kogin j → {n,∅} {j,∅}
23.1.1.1.6 Proto-Chibchan to Tunebom n h j → b {n,r,∅} {h,∅} {j,∅}
24 Macro-Pama-Nyungan24.1.1 Proto-Paman to AritinŋitiÉ£i[-long]C → Cj / #_ ! _i
u i → w j / a_ when this a is a result of metathesis (?)
24.1.2 Proto-Paman to AwŋtimiC aC uC → Cj Ca Cw / #_ ! before an identical vowel
u i → w j / a_ when this a is a result of the preceding metathesis
∅ → j / #(C)iː(C)_V ! _i
24.1.4 Proto-Paman to Mbiywomi[-long]C → Cj / #_ ! _i
u i → w j / a_ when this a is a result of metathesis (?)
24.1.7 Proto-Paman to Yinwum∅ → j / #iː(C)_a
25 Macro-Panoan25.1.2 Proto-Tacanan to Chama{r,*ŕ} → {∅,w,j}
25.1.4 Proto-Tacanan to Tacana∅ → j / k_e
26 Mande26.1 Proto-Mande to Boboz → {s,j}
26.12 Proto-Mande to Soninkaz → j ?
{w,ŋ} → j
26.13 Proto-Mande to Susuŋ → j
27 Mayan27.1 Proto-Mayan to Ch’olanr → j
27.2 Proto-Mayan to Chujeanr → j
27.4 Proto-Mayan to Ixileanr → {t,j}
27.5 Proto-Mayan to Kaqchikel-Tz’utujilh → j / _#
ɓ w → ʔ j / VCV_#
27.7 Proto-Mayan to Mameanr → {t,j}
27.8 Proto-Mayan to Q’anjob’alanr → j
28 Muskogean28 Muskogeanl → j / a_i
28.1.3 Proto-Eastern Muskogean to Hitchitix → j / V0_V0
28.1.5 Proto-Eastern Muskogean to Mikasurix → j / V0_V0
29 Na-Dene29.1.1 Proto-Athabaskan-Eyak to Proto-Athabaskanx xʷ → {xʲ,j} {ʂ,ʐ}
29.1.1.1.8 Proto-Athabaskan to Dena’ina{ʃ(ʷ),x {z,ʒ(ʷ),ɣ} → s j
29.1.1.1.10 Proto-Athabaskan to Easter Gwich’in{i,e} → {i,ja} (this latter due to the loss of final consonants within the stem)
a u {ɑ,ə} ʊ → {i,e} ju a o
29.1.1.1.21 Proto-Eastern Southern Athabaskan to Kiowa Apache{d,j} → j / ∅ / _#
29.1.1.1.27 Proto-Western Southern Athabaskan to Navajo{ɣ,h} → j / in prefixes related to word derivation
29.1.1.1.30 Proto-Athabaskan to Hare Slavey-Hare∅ → j / _e
29.1.1.1.39 Proto-Athabaskan to Upper Tanana{a,ɑ} e i u ʊ → e(a) {i,ea} ju {a,ɨ} o
30 Niger-Congo30.1 Proto-Potou-Akanic-Bantu to Proto-Bantuɰ ɰ̃ → j j̃ / #C_
30.1.1.1 Proto-Bantu to Sebirwai u VS → j w A / _V[+high +ATR]
30.1.2 Pre-Proto-Bantu to Proto-Manenguba{u,o} {ɛ,e,i} → w j / C_a in noun roots
{u,o} {ɛ,e,i} → w j / C_(a) in verb roots
{u,o} {ɛ,e,i} → w j / C_$V in noun class prefixes
30.2.1.1 Proto-Akanic to Akanl l̃ → j j̃ / #_
jV[+nas] → jV[-nas] / #_
f → j / #_V[-nas]
f → j̃ / #_V[+nas]
30.3.1.1.1 Proto-Gbe to Ajáʁ → j / _i
30.3.1.1.10 Proto-Vhe to Awalanχ ʁ → ʃ {ʒ,j} / _{u,i,j}
31 Nyulnyulan31.1 Proto-Nyulnyulan to Bardiɟ → j / V_V
i(ː)b ik → iw ij / _a
32 Oto-Manguean32.1.3 Proto-Chatino to Yaitepec Chatinotʲ → tj
kʲ → kj / else
lʲ → lj / else
nʲ → j / _ã (with some exceptions?)
nʲ → nj / else
ç → hj
33 Penutian33.1.1.1 Proto-Costanoan to Chochenyotʲ ʂ → j ʃ
33.2.1 Proto-Wintuan to Nomlakir → j / _#
33.2.3 Proto-Wintuan to South Patwinr → {r,j}
35 Salishan35.1.1 Proto-Central Salish to Comoxl(ʲ) → j / else
35.1.5 Proto-Central Salish to Klallaml(ʲ) → j
35.1.11 Proto-Central Salish to Sooke Northern Straitsl(ʲ) → j
35.1.13 Proto-Central Salish to Sechelti1 → {i11j}
35.1.14 Proto-Central Salish to Sqamishlʲ → j
36 Sino-Tibetan36.1 Proto-Sino-Tibetan to Middle Chinese(C-)l- → {d,ji}-
36.1.1 Late Middle Chinese to Old Mandarink → j / {e,a,o}_
36.3.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to bTshan Lap b çp çb sP rP Np Nb pr {br,pj} bj → pʰ p ʝb çp sp rpʰ mpʰ mb br pʰj pj
t d Nt Nd st sd çT tr (ç)dr KT → tʰ t Ntʰ md zd st çtj trh (ç)tr kt
k sk kr ɡ Pɡ sɡ Nɡ (s)ɡr çK rK Kç → kʰ zɡw dr Nɡ pk sk mk (s)kr çk rɡj ɡçkr
(ʔ)kj (s)ɡj Nkj → (k)tç (s)kj Ndʒ
çr Nç → dr mkʰj
NTS PTS KTS sTS çTS → {Ndz,mts} kts(ʰ) ptsʰ sts {sts,rj}
∅ → j / çm_
ew iw → im ju
36.3.2.1.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Chos Kiap çp (ç)b rP Np Nb pr {br,pj} → p. ç.w (ç)p rp. kj m.p n.br p.j
sk rK → j sɡ
kj Nkj ʔkj ɡj sɡj → kj. nj ɡ.tsʰ kj skj.
Nç → n.pj.
çl → sj
ts (r)dz dʒ PTS KTS sTS çTS → {tsʰ,s} (r)ts tsʰ ɡ.ts s.{ts,pj} {s.ts,br}
rm rn → mj rw
rnj → r.mj
iw → jo
36.3.2.1.2 Proto-rGyalrongic to HanniuNTS → mnj
36.3.2.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Kham Top b pr br çp → p.j p br pj ʃb
Nkj ɡj sɡj → mj ts stʃj
36.3.2.2.2 Proto-rGyalrongic to lCog Rtse(N)p Nb sP çp çb pr br {p,b}j → (m)pʰ (m)p sp ʝb çp br pʰj pʰj
(N)t (N)d st sd KT çT tr dr çtr → (N)tʰ mt zd st kt çt(j) trh tr çtr
(P)ɡ sɡ çK Nɡ k sk rk (s)ɡj (ʔ)kj → (p)k sk çk mk kʰ zɡ Nɡ (s)kj (ʔ)kʰj
Nkj (s)ɡr Kç kr skr ɡr → mɡj (s)kr ɡçkr kʰr zɡr Nɡr
ew iw → i jo
36.3.2.2.6 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tsa Ku NaoC[+ sibilant]w → sj
(P)ç Nç çl → (b)ɕ np.j ʂl
nj rnj → nj rɲ
36.3.2.2.7 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tzu Tats dz rdz dʒ → {ʈʂ,ʒ} tsj rtsʰ ʈʂ
∅ → j / rN_
ŋ(w) → ȵ(wj)
36.3.2.2.8 Proto-rGyalrongic to Wassuts dzl NTS → {tʃ.,j} tsl m
ŋ → j
37 Siouan-Iroquoian37.1.2.1 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Cayugar → j / {e(ː),ẽ(ː),i(ː)}_{a(ː),o(ː),õ(ː)}
37.1.2.2.1 Huron to Wyandot∅ → j / {e(ː),ẽ(ː),i(ː)}_V
x → j / _V
37.1.2.3 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Onondagajh → hj
r → j / {e(ː),ẽ(ː),i(ː)}_V
37.1.2.4.1 Proto-Mohawk-Oneida to Mohawkjh → hj
37.1.2.5 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Senecar → j / C[-glottal](h)_{o(ː),õ(ː)
r → j / i(ː)_V
37.1.2.6 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Tuscarora∅ → j / k_e(ː)
n r w j → n̥ r̥ w̥ j̊ / _{#,O}
37.1.2.6.1 Tuscarora to Western Tuscarorajʔ → ʔj
37.2.2.1 Dakota to Santee Dakotakr → ɡj / medial
37.2.6 Proto-Siouan to Proto-DhegihaL Lʲ → {ð,j} ʒ / _”V
37.2.6.1 Proto-Dhegiha to Kansar L(ʲ) → d j / #_ (*)
37.2.6.4 Proto-Dhegiha to QuapawLʲ → j / #_õ (*)
37.2.7 Proto-Siouan to Proto-Ohio-Valleytʲ Lʲ → tʃ j
38 Tai-Kadai38.1.1.1 Proto-Tai to Ahompl b{l,r} → v pj
38.1.1.2 Proto-Tai to Saekɲ̊ → j
pr b{l,r} vr → v bj d
38.1.1.3 Proto-Tai to Central Tail → j / p_
b{l,r} → pj
kl kr → {kj,tʃ} kʰj
38.1.1.3.1 Central Tai to Lungchowpr → pʰj
ɲ → j
ɡl → kj
38.1.1.3.2 Central Tai to Nungpr → pʰj
38.1.1.3.5 Central Tai to T’ien-Paoɣ → j
38.1.1.4 Proto-Tai to North Taik{l,r} → {kj,tʃ}
l → j / p(ʰ),b_V
38.1.1.5.2 Southwest Tai to Lüɲ → j
39 Tanoan39.2 Proto-Tanoan to Kiowaw → j
39.3 Proto-Tanoan to Taosts tsʰ tsʼ dz → tʃ s tʃʼ j
39.4 Proto-Tanoan to Tewadz → {j,dʒ}
40 Totozoquean40.1 Proto-Totozoquean to Proto-Mixe-Zoqueanl → j
x {ɬ,tɬ} → h j
41 Trans-New Guinea41.1 Proto-Trans New Guinea to Apalɨp k ⁿd → β {h,k} nj / V_V
41.3 Proto-Trans New Guinea to Binanderet → j / #_i
42 Uralic42.1.1 Pre-Finnic to Proto-Finnicx → j / {I,E}_C
ŋ → j / _Cʲ (possibly _F instead?)
yje → øː → jø (?)
uw ij → ow ej / _C
42.1.1.1 Proto-Finnic to Proto-Finnishɣ → j~ʋ
42.1.1.1.1 Proto-Finnish to Standard Finnishið → j / ”V_V
ɣ → j / C_e
42.1.2 Proto-Finnic to Livoniandj lj rj ɡj → dʲ lːʲ rːʲ jɡ
lʋ rʋ jʋ → lː rː jː
eː oː → je wo
43 Uto-Aztecan43.2 Proto-Uto-Aztecan to Hopii → j / h_ ! _#
43.5.1.1 Proto-Mono-Kawaiisu to Kawaiisujː → j
44 Vasconic44.2 Proto-Basque to Basque∅ → j / V_{N,s̺,s̻}S
∅ → j / u_V (eastern dialects)
e → j / #_V (at least a few times?)
j → ʝ → j (northern High Navarrese, most Labourd, some Biscayan)
ʎ ɲ → jl jn (“common in Low Navarrese, Labourdin, and is even regular in the High Navarrese of Sakana”)
eð (→ e ?) → j / #_V
e → j / #_a
46 Vowel Shifts46.5 Old English-to-Scots Vowel Shiftsøː → (j){u,ʌ} / _{k,x} (outcome varies depending upon dialect)
ai oi ui ei au ou iu ɛ(o)u → eː oe əi iː {ɑː,ɔː} ʌu ju j(ʌ)u
46.7 Great Vowel Shift (English)iː uː → əj əw → ɑj ɑw
aː ɔː → ɛː oː → eː ow → ej (əw)
46.14 Pre-Slavic Vowel Changesew → ju
46.15 Proto-Japanese to Old Japanese Vowel Shifte o → je wo / _#
{u,ɨ}i {,a,i {ɨi,i{a,ə}} u{ɨ,a,ə} → wi e je wo
46.19 Southern [United States] Shift (English)æ ɛ ɪ → æj(ə) ɛj(ə) ɪj(ə)
ɛj(ə) ɪj(ə) i eɪ → ej(ə) ij(ə) ɪi ɛi

with context involving /j/

200 matches

6 Afro-Asiatic6.1 Proto-Afro-Asiatic to Proto-Omoticʃ → s2 / {i,j}_
6.1.1.2 North Omotic to Dizinz → d / Vj_
6.1.1.4 North Omotic to Maalez → ts / Vj_
6.1.1.5 North Omotic to Shekkachoz → dʒː / Vj_
6.1.1.8 North Omotic to Zayse-Zergullaz → ts / Vj_
6.2.2.1.2 Proto-Boreafrasian to Egypto-Berberk → ɡ / _{w,j}
r → ʔ / C_{t,w,j}# ! C = {ɡ,m,n,r,w,ʃ,x}
6.2.2.1.6 Classical Arabic to Cypriot Arabick x → c ç / _{j,E}
7 Algonquian7.3.1 Proto-Arapaho-Atsina to Arapahoʃ k m → s tʃ b / _{E,j}
eː → ei / j_
o(ː) → e(ː) / Cj_ (sporadic)
n → ∅ / _j
7.3.2 Proto-Arapaho-Atsina to Gros Ventreʃ {θ,t} m k → s ts tʲ bʲ / _{i(ː),j,#}
n → ∅ / _j
7.4 Proto-Algonquian to Blackfootx → sː / {i,#e,ja,ke}_
∅ → j / {oːw,iːj}_i#
∅ → i / #_jC
∅ → i / C_jV#
7.11 Proto-Algonquian to Munsee DelawareV[+high] → ə / _j
7.15 Proto-Algonquian to OjibweV[-long] → ∅ / V[-long]{w,j}_# (Whimemsz is unsure if this change is across-the-board or not)
7.17 Proto-Algonquian to Shawneeiː → i / _j
∅ → i / #C_jVː “(for some speakers)”
8 Altaic8.1 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Japonicb → w / ! _{a,ə,Vj}
9 Austroasiatic9.1.2.2 Middle Vietnamese to Saigon Vietnameseə → ∅ / ɨ_j
ə → ∅ / u_{m,j}
a → aː / _{w,j}
10 Austronesian10.2 Proto-Austronesian to Proto-Bataka → e / _j#
10.2.5 Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Palauanə → ∅ / _j
10.3.7 Proto-Oceanic to Shark BayV → ∅ / {”V,j}_
14 Elamo-Dravidian14.3.1 Standard Tamil to Colloquial Tamiltː nt → cː ɲc / {i,j}_
17 Indo-European17.2.1 Common Anatolian to Hittited → s / #_{i,j}
17.2.2 Common Anatolian to Luwiane → i / j_
17.2.3 Common Anatolian to Lycians → z / _{R,j,w} “(in Milyan, this happened after the change of ḱ to s)”
e → i / j_
17.2.4 Common Anatolian to Lydianl → ʎ / _{i,j}
e → i / j_
17.5.1 Proto-Indo-European to Old Irishm̩ n̩ → am an / _{s,({m,j,w)V}
— e o → i u / _C(…C){H,j}
C → Cʲ / _{F,j}
17.5.2 Proto-Celtic to Middle Welsha o → ei {ɨ,ei} / _(C…)j(C…)#
a → {ɨ,ei} / _(C…)j(C…)#
V → ɨ / _(C…)j(C…)#
{a,e,o} → ei / _(C…)j
17.7.1 Common Germanic to Gothicw → ∅ / oː_j
i → ∅ / _ji
nː → n / _C ! _j
17.7.2 Common Germanic to West GermanicC → Cː / _j ! C = r
17.7.2.1.6 Early Modern English to Australian Englishʊə → oː / ! {j,dʒ}_
æ → æː / _{n,m,ɡ,ɫ% ! _n,m,ɡ,ɫ}%{j,w} or a form of a strong verb
17.7.2.2 West Germanic to Old Low Franconianai u → ei ʏ / _(C…){i(ː),j} (short only; in the case of [ʏ] at least this was not yet phonemic)
a → ɛ / _(C…){i(ː),j} (conjectured based on date from the “Germanic umlaut” article)
17.7.2.4 High German Cosonant Shift and Umlauta u o → e y ø / _(C…){i(ː),j}
17.7.3.1 Proto-Norse to Old Norsei → ɪ / _NS[- voice] ! _NS(C){o,i,j}
e → i / #(C)(C)(C)_(C)(C)(C){i,j}
u {o,ɒ} a au juː → y ø æ y yː / _(C)(C)(C)j
u {o,ɒ} a au juː → y ø æ æy yː / _(C)(C)(C)j
ɣ → ɡ / _{E,j}
ɣ → ɡː / _j
N(ː) k k(ː) N(ː)ɡ ɡ(ː) ɣ → ɲc(ː) c(ː) ɲɟ(ː) ɟ(ː) ʝ / _{i,j}
a → e / _{i,j,Ḱ}
N(ː) k k(ː) N(ː)ɡ ɡ(ː) ɣ → ɲc(ː) c(ː) ɲɟ(ː) ɟ(ː) ɟ / _{i,j}
au → ɒ / j_
17.7.3.1.1 Old Norse to Early Icelandicu o a øː eː y i → ʏɪ oi ai øi ei yː iː / _j
aː → ai / _j
e → ei / _{ɣ,j}
17.7.3.1.2 Old Norse to Orkney Nornk ɡ → c ɟ / _{E,j}
yː → ø / _j
17.7.3.1.3 Old Norse to Shetland Nornh → ∅ / _{V,w,j} (sporadic)
au → {o,ɔ,ɒ} / j_
17.10 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Indo-Iraniank ɡ ɡʱ → c ɟ ɟʱ / _e,i,j
17.11 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Slavic{a,o,ə} → e / j_
u → ь / j_
{ai,oi} → i / j_
e → ь / _jV
17.11.1 Proto-Slavic to Polishь ъ → i ɨ / _j
i u → u i / {lʲ,j}_ (sporadic)
{i,ɨ} → ∅ / _jV when unstressed
17.12.1.1.2 Latin to Catalanb → v / V̈%_j
17.12.1.1.3 Latin to Frenchd → ∅ / _j
∅ → s / t_j
t → s / s_j
— ɡ → ∅ / _j
ɛ ɔ → iɛ uɛ / _{Cj,jC}
∅ → j / {ʃ,ʒ,sj,zj}”{a,é}_ in U[+open]
17.12.1.1.4 Vulgar Latin to Italianr → ∅ / a_ju#
C → Cː / V_jV
17.12.1.1.5 Latin to Portuguesea → e / _j when stressed
17.12.1.1.6 Vulgar Latin to Old Provençal— ɛ → jɛ / _{u,i,ʎ,rʲ,ʃ,ʒ,j,tʃ,dʒ} (except in some northern and western dialects, or if this u ← l or if this i ← ð)
{d,ɡ} → ∅ / _j
β → u / _j (in western dialects)
β → {b,v} / _j (in southern and eastern dialects)
p → b / _rj
v → {v,b} / r_j
17.12.1.1.8 Latin to Romanian{n,l} → ∅ / _j
17.12.1.1.9 Latin to Sardiniand → ∅ / V_{i,j}
r → arː / #_(j)B / Logudorese
17.12.1.1.10 Vulgar Latin to Spanishk ɡ → tʃ dʒ → ts dz / _{j,i,e,ɛ}
— e → i / _Cj ! C = p
— ɛ ɔ u → e o u / _(C)j
— a → e / _j
17.13.2 Proto-Tocharian to Tocharian Bw → ∅ / _j
18 Je-Tupı́-Carib18.4.2 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Cocama∅ → i / j_#, in monosyllables
a → ∅ / _j#
e → ɨ / {k,j}_
18.4.8 Proto-Tupí-Guaraní to Sirionóa → {∅,o,e} / _j#
23 Macro-Chibchan23.1.1.1.1 Proto-Chibchan to Arhuacos d → z r / _(V)j
23.1.1.1.2 Proto-Chibchan to ChibchaV → ∅ / s_j (sometimes)
30 Niger-Congo30.3.1.1.1 Proto-Gbe to Ajáχ ʁ → s z / _{i,j}
30.3.1.1.6 Proto-Phla-Pherá to Aladat d → ʃ ʒ / _j
30.3.1.1.9 Proto-Vhe to Avénoə → e / _{i,j}
t d → ts dz / _j
30.3.1.1.10 Proto-Vhe to Awalana → e / _{i,j}
χ ʁ → ʃ {ʒ,j} / _{u,i,j}
30.3.1.1.11 Proto-Vhe to Kpándot d → tʃ dʒ / _j
30.3.1.1.13 Proto-Vhe to Tɔ̣wunə → e / _{i,j}
30.3.1.1.14 Proto-Vhe to Wacı́ə → e / _{i,j}
31 Nyulnyulan31.1 Proto-Nyulnyulan to Bardii → u / _ju
u → i / _j
32 Oto-Manguean32.1.2 Proto-Chatino to Tataltepec Chatinoe → i / _j
32.1.3 Proto-Chatino to Yaitepec Chatinokʷ → w / _eːj
33 Penutian33.1.1.3 Proto-Costanoan to Mutsunʈ → {ʈ,ts,tʃ} / _{j,ɾ}
33.1.1.4 Proto-Costanoan to Rumsenʈ → {ʈ,tʃ} / _{j,ɾ}
34 Quechumaran34.5 Proto-Quechumaran to Putamayok → ɡ / _{L,j}
34.6 Proto-Quechumaran to Quitok → ɡ / _{L,j}
kʼ → h / j_
34.7 Proto-Quechumaran to Riobambak → ɡ / _{L,j}
ɸ → b / _j
34.8 Proto-Quechumaran to Santiagok → c / j_ (?)
34.9 Proto-Quechumaran to Tenak → ɡ / _{L,j}
35 Salishan35.3 Shuswap to Eastern Shuswap Nasal-to-Vowel Shiftsen enˀ → i iʔ / {ts(’),s,j(ˀ)}_ in U[- stressed]
36 Sino-Tibetan36.1.1 Late Middle Chinese to Old Mandarinxɦ → ∅ / _j(w){?,ia,a(ta)}
36.1.1.1 Old Mandarin to Modern Pekingesej → ∅ / jî_
k(ʰ) h → ɕ͡(ʰ) ɕ / _j
36.2 Sin Sukchu to Guānhuàŋ → ∅ / _{i,j,w,y}
ʔ → ∅ / _{j,i,y}
36.3.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to bTshan LaN → m / _{ŋ.nj}
36.3.2.1.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Chos Kiab → m / _j
Nn → m / _j
36.3.2.2.6 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tsa Ku Nao∅ → dz / #_j
37 Siouan-Iroquoian37.1.1 Proto-Iroquoian to Cherokee{n,r} → ∅ / _j
37.1.2.1 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Cayuga∅ → a / w_j
ts → hs / V_ ! _{h,i,j,r}
ts → s / ! _{h,i,j,r}
r → n / _(h)j
37.1.2.1.1 Cayuga to Upper Cayugas → ʃ / _{r,j}
37.1.2.1.2 Cayuga to Lower Cayugat → k / _j
s → ʃ / _{r,j}
37.1.2.2 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Huronts → s / ! _{i,j}
{r,w} → ∅ / _j
37.1.2.2.1 Huron to Wyandott → k / _j
x → ∅ / _{i,j}
n → ŋ / _{j,w}
37.1.2.3 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Onondagats → s / ! _{h,i,j}
h → ∅ / w_j
Vw → Vː / _{r,j}
ts → tʃ / _{(h)i,(h)j}
s → ʃ / _{hi,hj}
37.1.2.4 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Proto-Mohawk-Oneidats → s / ! _{h,i,j}
37.1.2.4.1 Proto-Mohawk-Oneida to Mohawkw → ∅ / _jh
h → ∅ / w_j
∅ → e / w_j
— t → k / _j
— k → t / _j
— t → tʃ / _(h)j
— ts → tʃ / _{(h)i,(h)j}
— s → ʃ / _(h)j
37.1.2.4.2 Proto-Mohawk-Oneida to Oneida— ∅ → i / C_jV(H)#
ts → tʃ / _{(h)i,(h)j}
s → ʃ / _(h)j
37.1.2.5 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Senecats → s / ! _{i,j}
V → Vː / _{t,k(ʷ),s,n,r,j,w} “in even penultimate syllables”
h → ∅ / w_j
w → ∅ / _{r,j}
r → n / _(h)j
Vh → Vː / _{n,w,j}
— s → ʃ / _j
37.1.2.6 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Tuscarorats → tʃ / _{h,i,j}
ˀt → ʔn / V_{V,w,j}
ˀt → n / {#,C}_{V,w,j}
w → ∅ / _jh
37.1.2.6.1 Tuscarora to Western Tuscaroraw → ∅ / _j
38 Tai-Kadai38.1.1.4.2 North Tai to Po-Aiɨa̯~ɨə̯ → iː / j_
38.1.1.5.2 Southwest Tai to Lüʔ → ∅ / _j
42 Uralic42.1.1 Pre-Finnic to Proto-Finnicæ → e / _j, unstressed
ɑ → e / ”{o,u}(X)C_j
ɑ → o / ”{a,e,i}(X)C_j
i → ∅ / Aj_#
i → ∅ / {o,u}j_
42.1.1.1.1 Proto-Finnish to Standard FinnishVh → hV / {j,v,n,r,l}_# (also some double-metathesis triggered by the condition of being m_ ?)
k → z → @ / _j
44 Vasconic44.2 Proto-Basque to Basque{w,y} → ∅ / _ja
V → ∅ / Vj_
{ɾ,r} → ʎ / {i,j}_ (eastern dialects)
s̻ ts̻ → ʃ tʃ / {E,j}_ (mostly Biscayan)
t → c / {E,j}_ (“some areas”)
t → tʃ / {E,j}_ (partially spread amongst Biscayan and Guipuscoan)
d ð → ɟ ʝ / {E,j}_ ? (“some dialects”)
{ɡ,ɣ} → {ɟ,ʝ} / {E,j}_
ɡ → dʒ / {E,j}_ (“in some Biscayan areas”)
45 Yuman-Cochimı́45.1.1 Proto-Pai to Chapaiʔ → ∅ / _{ɲ,j}