8 Altaic | 8.1 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Japonic | pʰ tʰ kʰ → p t k
|
8.2 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Korean | pʰ tʰ kʰ → p t {k,h}
|
8.3 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Mongolic | kʰ → ɡ / {C,V}_h
|
kʰ → k / else
|
8.4 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Tungusic | kʰ → x / #_
|
kʰ → {x,k}
|
8.5 Proto-Altaic to Proto-Turkic | kʰ → k
|
9 Austroasiatic | 9.1.1 Proto-Vietic to Muong Khen | {kʰ,ɡʱ} → x (Presyllables don’t seem to have affected this much)
|
9.1.2 Proto-Vietic to Middle Vietnamese | bʱ {tʰ,dʱ} {t*ʰ,d*ʱ} {kʰ,ɡʱ} → pʰ t tʰ kʰ (after *kʰ *ɡʱ, only first-register tones may occur)
|
{əkʰ,əɡɦj} → ɟ (I think Thompson implied this was just a bit of a kludge)
|
9.1.2.1 Middle Vietnamese to Hanoi Vietnamese | kʰ → x (only seems to have occurred with first-register tones)
|
9.1.2.2 Middle Vietnamese to Saigon Vietnamese | kʰ → x (only seems to have occurred with first-register tones)
|
10 Austronesian | 10.3.5.4.1 Proto-Northern to Nixumwak-Nêlêmwa | kʰ → h / _a
|
pwʰ pʰ tʰ kʰ → fw f rʰ x / in Nelemwa
|
17 Indo-European | 17.8.1 Proto-Indo-European to Aeolian Greek | kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → t tʰ d / _E
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → p pʰ b / _{a,o,C}
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / _u
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / u_
|
17.8.2 Proto-Indo-European to Attic Greek | kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → t tʰ d / _E
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → p pʰ b / _{a,o,C}
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / _u
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / u_
|
pʰ tʰ kʰ → f θ x
|
17.8.3 Proto-Indo-European to Boeotian Greek | kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → t tʰ d / _E
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → p pʰ b / _{a,o,C}
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / _u
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / u_
|
17.8.4 Proto-Indo-European to Coan Greek | kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → t tʰ d / _E
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → p pʰ b / _{a,o,C}
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / _u
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / u_
|
17.8.5 Proto-Indo-European to Cretan Greek | kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → t tʰ d / _E
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → p pʰ b / _{a,o,C}
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / _u
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / u_
|
17.8.6 Proto-Indo-European to Doric Greek | kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → t tʰ d / _E
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → p pʰ b / _{a,o,C}
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / _u
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / u_
|
17.8.7 Proto-Indo-European to Elian Greek | kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → t tʰ d / _E
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → p pʰ b / _{a,o,C}
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / _u
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / u_
|
17.8.8 Proto-Indo-European to Ionic Greek | kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → t tʰ d / _E
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → p pʰ b / _{a,o,C}
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / _u
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / u_
|
17.8.9 Proto-Indo-European to Laconian Greek | kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → t tʰ d / _E
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → p pʰ b / _{a,o,C}
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / _u
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / u_
|
pʰ tʰ kʰ → f θ x
|
17.8.10 Proto-Indo-European to Mycenaean Greek | kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → t tʰ d / _E
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → p pʰ b / _{a,o,C}
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / _u
|
kʷ kʰʷ ɡʷ → k kʰ ɡ / u_
|
20 Khoisan | 20.1.4 Proto-Khoe to Kxoe | kʰ → kx
|
20.1.6 Proto-Khoe to Naro | kʰ → {kx,k}
|
22 Macro-Arawakan | 22.2 Proto-Arawá to Banawá-Jamamadi | kʰ ɡ → k w
|
22.4 Proto-Arawá to Jarawara | kʰ ɡ → k w
|
22.6 Proto-Arawá to Sorowahá | kʰ → k
|
29 Na-Dene | 29.1.1.1.30 Proto-Athabaskan to Hare Slavey-Hare | tɬʰ tʃ(ʷ)ʰ kʰ → ɬ s ʃ
|
33 Penutian | 33.2.1 Proto-Wintuan to Nomlaki | tʃʰ kʰ qʰ {x,χ} → tʃ k(ʰ) {kʰ,qʰ,χ} kʰ
|
33.2.2 Proto-Wintuan to Patwin | k(ʰ) kʼ q(ʰ) qʼ → tʃ(h) tʃʼ kʰ kʼ
|
33.2.3 Proto-Wintuan to South Patwin | k(ʰ) kʼ q(ʰ) qʼ → tʃ(ʰ) tʃʼ k(ʰ) kʼ
|
33.2.4 Proto-Wintuan to Wintu | kʰ qʰ → k χ
|
36 Sino-Tibetan | 36.1.1.1 Old Mandarin to Modern Pekingese | k(ʰ) h → ɕ͡(ʰ) ɕ / _j
|
36.3.3.1 Old Tibetan to Amdo dialects | k(ʰ){r,j} ɡ{r,j} → tɕ(ʰ) dʑ
|
37 Siouan-Iroquoian | 37.1 Proto-Siouan-Iroquoian to Proto-Iroquoian | kʰ → r
|
38 Tai-Kadai | 38.1.1.4 Proto-Tai to North Tai | {kʰ,ɡ}{l,r} → tʃ
|
{pʰ,b} ɓ {tʰ,d} ɗ {kʰ,ɡ} {kʷʰ,ɡ} → p b t d k kʷ
|
38.1.1.5.2 Southwest Tai to Lü | {kʰ,ɣ} ɡ → x k
|
kʷʰ ɣʷ → xʷ x(ʷ)
|
38.1.1.5.6 Southwest Tai to White Tai | {kʰ,ɣ} ɡ ɡ{l,r} → x k tʃ
|
kʷʰ ɣʷ → xʷ x(ʷ)
|
39 Tanoan | 39.1 Proto-Tanoan to Jimez | k(ʷ)ʰ kʷ(ʼ) ɡ ɡʷ → h ɡ k kʷ
|
39.2 Proto-Tanoan to Kiowa | kʷ kʷʰ kʷʼ ɡʷ → k kʰ kʼ ɡ
|
39.3 Proto-Tanoan to Taos | kʰ kʰʷ ɡ ɡʷ → x xʷ k w
|
39.4 Proto-Tanoan to Tewa | kʰ kʷʰ ɡʷ → x xʷ w
|