6 Afro-Asiatic | 6.2.2.1.17 Classical Arabic to Tunisian Arabic | Vː → V[-long] / _# (except as below)
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6.2.2.1.19 Biblical Hebrew to Modern Israeli Hebrew | Vː → V[-long]
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7 Algonquian | 7.3 Proto-Algonquian to Proto-Arapaho-Atsina | Vː → V[-long] / _CC
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7.11 Proto-Algonquian to Munsee Delaware | Vː → V[-long] / _hC
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7.12 Proto-Algonquian to Menominee | Vː → V[-long] / CC(G)_C{V,#} “[i.e., when following a cluster but not followed by a cluster. Only applies ‘after the first long vowel of a nonglottal word, and everywhere in a glottal word’]”
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Vː → V[-long] / _C{V,#} in even syllables; “does not apply in the second syllable of a non-glottal word”
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7.17 Proto-Algonquian to Shawnee | Vː → V[-long] / _#
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Vː → V[-long] / _{ʔC,ʃp,ʃk,hV}
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10 Austronesian | 10.6 Proto-Austronesian to Proto-Paiwan | Vː → V[- long]
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17 Indo-European | 17.2.3 Common Anatolian to Lycian | Vː → V[-long]
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17.2.4 Common Anatolian to Lydian | Vː → V[-long]
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17.5 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Celtic | — Vː → V[-long] / _RC
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17.5.1 Proto-Indo-European to Old Irish | Vː → V[-long] / _H (includes diphthongs)
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— Vː → V[-long]
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17.7.2.1.2 Old English to Kentish Middle English | Vː → V[-long] / _C{ː,C} ! _st{#,V} or when preceding a cluster which had triggered a vowel to become long in Old English; the book gives “Christ” vs. “Christmas” as an example
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Vː → V[-long] / in #U before a U with /iː/
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17.7.2.1.3 Old English to Midlands Middle English | Vː → V[-long] / _C{ː,C} ! _st{#,V} or when preceding a cluster which had triggered a vowel to become long in Old English; the book gives “Christ” vs. “Christmas” as an example
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Vː → V[-long] / in #U before a U with /iː/
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17.7.2.1.8 Old English to Northern Middle English | Vː → V[-long] / _C{ː,C} ! _st{#,V} or when preceding a cluster which had triggered a vowel to become long in Old English; the book gives “Christ” vs. “Christmas” as an example
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Vː → V[-long] / in #U before a U with /iː/
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17.7.2.1.12 Old English to Southern Middle English | Vː → V[-long] / _C{ː,C} ! _st{#,V} or when preceding a cluster which had triggered a vowel to become long in Old English; the book gives “Christ” vs. “Christmas” as an example
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Vː → V[-long] / in #U before a U with /iː/
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17.7.2.3 Middle High German to Standard German | Vː → V[- long] / _CC (some exceptions; the change was more common around _xt and _rC)
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Vː → V[- long] / _%Cə{r,l,n}# (some exceptions)
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17.7.3 Common Germanic to Proto-Norse | Vː → V[- long] / ! #U, U#
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17.7.3.1 Proto-Norse to Old Norse | Vː → V[- long] / ! in #U
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woː wøː jæː Vː → wo wøje V[- long] / _%
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17.8.2 Proto-Indo-European to Attic Greek | Vː → V[-long]
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17.10.1.1 Proto-Indo-Aryan to Central Middle Indo-Aryan | Vː → V[-long] / _#
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17.10.1.2 Proto-Indo-Aryan to Eastern Middle Indo-Aryan | Vː → V[-long] / _#
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17.10.1.3 Proto-Indo-Aryan to Northwestern Middle Indo-Aryan | Vː → V[-long] / _#
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17.10.1.4 Proto-Indo-Aryan to Western Middle Indo-Aryan | Vː → V[-long] / _#
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17.12.1.1 Proto-Indo-European to Latin | Vː → V[-long] / _{m,(n)t,l,r}#
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Vː → V[-long] / _#
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17.12.1.1.9 Latin to Sardinian | Vː → V[- long]
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24 Macro-Pama-Nyungan | 24.1.1 Proto-Paman to AritinÅitiÉ£ | Vː → V[-long] / in #U
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24.1.3 Proto-Paman to LinÅitiÉ£ | Vː V[-long] → V[-long] ∅ / in #U
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24.1.4 Proto-Paman to Mbiywom | Vː → V[-long] / in #U
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24.1.5 Proto-Paman to Mpalican | Vː → V[-long] / in #U
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24.1.6 Proto-Paman to Uraði | Vː → V[-long] / in #U
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24.1.7 Proto-Paman to Yinwum | Vː → V[-long] / in #U
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27 Mayan | 27.1 Proto-Mayan to Ch’olan | Vː → V[-long]
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27.2 Proto-Mayan to Chujean | Vː → V[-long]
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27.5 Proto-Mayan to Kaqchikel-Tz’utujil | Vː → V[-long]
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27.8 Proto-Mayan to Q’anjob’alan | Vː → V[-long]
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37 Siouan-Iroquoian | 37.1.2 Proto-Iroquoian to Proto-Northern Iroquoian | Vː → V[-long] / ! in U#
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37.1.2.3 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to Onondaga | ”V(ː)(C)(C)Vː → V[-long](C)”(C)CV[-long] / _#
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37.1.2.4.2 Proto-Mohawk-Oneida to Oneida | Vː → V[-long] _”C(C)(C)V (“this change happens only in the Ontario dialect”)
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42 Uralic | 42.1.1.1 Proto-Finnic to Proto-Finnish | Vː → V[-long] / _i
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