6 Afro-Asiatic | 6.1.1.4 North Omotic to Maale | ts tsː → s ts / V_
|
6.1.1.8 North Omotic to Zayse-Zergulla | tsː → ts / V_
|
7 Algonquian | 7.4 Proto-Algonquian to Blackfoot | sːː → sː
|
10 Austronesian | 10.3.5.4 Proto-New Caledonia to Proto-Northern | q qː k kː s sː → k kː c cː t̪ t̪ː
|
11 Northeast Caucasian | 11.1.3 Proto-Avar-Andic to Avar | ts tsː tsʼ tsːʼ dz → sh ts tʃʼ ts(ː)ʼ tsʼ
|
s sː ɬː x xː → {s,ʃ} x ɬ {x,h} x
|
11.2 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Dargi | {tsː,st} tsːʼ dz stː → ts z tsː s
|
11.3 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Khinalug | {tsː,st} {tsːʼ,dz} → ts tsʼ
|
sː ɬ(ː) xː → h xʲ x
|
11.4 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Lak | {tsː,stː} dz st → sː {tsː,z} ts
|
11.5.1 Proto-Lezgic to Agul | {ts,st} tsː tsːʼ stː dz → {s,ts} {ts,tʃ} tː s z
|
11.5.2 Proto-Lezgic to Archi | {ts,st} tsː tsːʼ stː dz → s {s,ʃ} tsʼ sː ts
|
sː xː → {sː,h} x
|
11.5.3 Proto-Lezgic to Lezghi | {ts,st} tsː tsːʼ dz → {ʃ,tʃ} tʃ(ʼ) {tʃː,dʒ}
|
11.5.4 Proto-Lezgic to Rutul | {ts,st} tsːʼ dz → {s,ts} {d,t} z
|
sː ɬ(ː) xː → {ħ,xʲ} {sː,h} x
|
11.5.5 Proto-Lezgic to Tabassaran | {ts,st} tsː tsːʼ → {s,ts} {ts,tʃ} tsː
|
11.5.6 Proto-Lezgic to Udi | ts tsː tsʼ tsːʼ dz → {∅,s} tʃ {∅,tsʼ} {tsʼ,tʃʼ} z
|
11.6 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Nakh | tsː tʃː → ts tʃ / #_
|
tsːʼ → tsː
|
{tsː,tʃː,dz,dʒ} → tː / _#
|
11.7 Proto-Northeast Caucasian to Proto-Tsezic | {ts,st} {tsːʼ,dz} → s ts
|
11.7.2 Proto-Tsezic to Tsez | tsː tɬː → z l / V_V
|
tsː tɬː → s ɬ
|
sː ʃ ʃː ɬ ɬː x → s ʒ ʃ l ɬ ɣ
|
12 Northwest Caucasian | 12.1 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Proto-Abazgi | tsʲː → dzʲ (marked as dubious in the source)
|
tsʷː tsʷʲ → tsʷ (tʃ)
|
12.2 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Proto-Circassian | ts tsː dz → {s,c} tsː dz~z
|
tsʲ tsʲː tsʲʼ dzʲ → (s) tsː tsʼ dz~z
|
12.2.1.1 Adyghe to Abadzekh Adyghe | tsʲ(ː) → tɕ
|
pː tː tsː tsʷ ʃː tʃː tɕː kʲː kʷː qː~qχ qʷː~qχʷ → p t ts tʃʷ ʃ ɕ tɕ tʃ kʷ qː qʷ
|
12.2.1.2 Adyghe to Bzhedug Adyghe | tsʲ tsʲː → tɕ tɕː
|
tsʷː → tsʲʷː
|
12.2.1.3 Adyghe to Shapsug Adyghe | tsʲ(ː) tsʷ tʃ tɕ → tɕ tʃʷ ʃ ʂ
|
pː tː tsː tsʷː ʃː tsː tcː kʲː kʷː qː~qχ qʷː~qχʷ → p t ts tʃʷ ʃ tʃ tɕ kʲ kʷ χ~q χʷ~qʷ
|
12.2.1.4 Adyghe to Temirgoy Adyghe | tsʲ(ː) tsʷ → tɕ tsʲʷ
|
pː tː tsː tsʷː ʃː tʃː tɕː → p t ts tsʷʲ ʃ tʃ tɕ
|
12.2.2 Proto-Circassian to Kabardian | tsʲ(ː) tsʷ {tʃ,tɕ} → ɕ f ʃ
|
pː tː tsː tsʷː ʃː {tʃː,tɕː} kʷː qː~qχ qʷː~qχʷ → b d dz v ɕ ʒ dʒ ɡʷ qʼ~qχ qʷʼ~qχʷ
|
12.3 Proto-Northwest Caucasian to Ubykh | ts(ʲ)ː tsʷː dzʲ → ts tsʷ dz
|
17 Indo-European | 17.7.3.1 Proto-Norse to Old Norse | nː lː rː sː → n l r s / C_
|
17.10.1.5 Proto-Indo-Aryan to Vedic Sanskrit | sː ʂː ɕː → t.s t.ʂ t.C
|
17.12.1.1 Proto-Indo-European to Latin | sː → s / _#
|
sː → s / {W,Vː}_
|
17.12.1.1.3 Latin to French | sːj zj rj → jsː jz jr
|
17.12.1.1.4 Vulgar Latin to Italian | {skj,stj,sːj → ʃ
|
17.12.1.1.5 Latin to Portuguese | sːj (m)nj lj rj → jʃ ɲʎ jr / V_V
|
17.12.1.1.6 Vulgar Latin to Old Provençal | sː → s / Vː_
|
{sːj,stʃj,stj} → ʃ → is (except in the west or extreme east, where the outcome was some flavor of (i)(t)ʃ)
|
ksː → is
|
17.12.1.1.8 Latin to Romanian | {sj,stj,sːj} → ʃ
|
17.12.1.1.10 Vulgar Latin to Spanish | pː tː kː sː tːs ʝː → p t k s ts ʝ
|
42 Uralic | 42.1.1 Pre-Finnic to Proto-Finnic | ðʲ sʲ tsʲ(ː) lʲ → ð s ts(ː) l
|
42.1.1.1 Proto-Finnic to Proto-Finnish | pː tː tsː kː → pˑ tˑ tsˑ kˑ
|
ts tsˑ tsː → s θˑ θː
|