| 6 Afro-Asiatic | 6.2.2.1.2 Proto-Boreafrasian to Egypto-Berber | Kʷ → K
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| 10 Austronesian | 10.4.1 Proto-Micronesian to Marshallese | K → Kʷ / _{C[+round],V[+round]}
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| 17 Indo-European | 17.2.1 Common Anatolian to Hittite | Ḱ → K
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| 17.2.4 Common Anatolian to Lydian | Ḱ → K
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| Kʷ → K / _V[+round]
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| 17.2.5 Common Anatolian to Palaic | Ḱ → K
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| 17.5 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Celtic | — Ḱ → K
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| 17.5.1 Proto-Indo-European to Old Irish | Kʷ → K
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| Kʷ → K
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| 17.10 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Indo-Iranian | Kʷ → K
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| Ḱ → TŠ
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| 17.11 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Slavic | Kʷ ḱ ɡ́ → K s z
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| 17.12.1.1.6 Vulgar Latin to Old Provençal | — CVK → CVj (intermittent if C was a resonant)
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| K → ∅ / _l (not always, but this was a general change)
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| 17.13 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Tocharian | Ḱ → K
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| Kʷ → K / _{C,o,a} ! C = syllabic
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| Kʷ → ɕ / _e(ː)
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| Kʷy → ɕ
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| 29 Na-Dene | 29.1.1.1.1 Proto-Athabaskan to Ahtna | K → TŠ / in Mentasta Ahtna
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| 29.1.1.1.3 Proto-Athabaskan to Beaver | K Q → TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.4 Proto-Athabaskan to Chilcotin | {TŠ,TŠʷ} K → TS TŠ
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| 29.1.1.1.5 Proto-Athabaskan to Chipewyan | TS {TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TH TS TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.6 Proto-Athabaskan to Dakelh | {TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.7 Proto-Athabaskan to Deg Hit’an | K → {K,TŠ}
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| 29.1.1.1.9 Proto-Athabaskan to Dogrib | {TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.10 Proto-Athabaskan to Easter Gwich’in | TS K → TŠ TS / _E
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| TS K → TH TŠ / else
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| 29.1.1.1.11 Proto-Athabaskan to Han | TS TŠ TŠʷ K Q → TH TS TṢ TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.15 Proto-Athabaskan to Upper Koyukon | K → TŠ
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| 29.1.1.1.16 Proto-Athabaskan to Upper Kuskokwim Kolchan | TŠ TŠʷ K Q → TS TṢ TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.17 Proto-Athabaskan to Sarcee | {TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.18 Proto-Athabaskan to Sekani | {TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ Q
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| 29.1.1.1.19 Proto-Athabaskan to Proto-Southern Athabaskan | K → TS
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| 29.1.1.1.29 Proto-Athabaskan to Bearlake Slavey-Hare | {TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.30 Proto-Athabaskan to Hare Slavey-Hare | {TŠ,TŠʷ} K → TS TŠ (with exceptions)
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| 29.1.1.1.31 Proto-Athabaskan to Mountain Slavey-Hare | {TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.32 Proto-Athabaskan to Slavey Slavey-Hare | {TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.34 Tahltan-Kaska-Tagish to Kaska | K → TŠ (although /xʲ/ stays as such in a few dialects)
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| 29.1.1.1.36 Tahltan-Kaska-Tagish to Tahltan | {TŠʷ,K} → TŠ (although /xʲ/ stays as such in a few dialects)
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| 29.1.1.1.37 Proto-Athabaskan to Tanacross | K → TŠ / ! _$
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| 29.1.1.1.38 Proto-Athabaskan to Lower Tanana | K → TŠ / ! _$
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| 29.1.1.1.39 Proto-Athabaskan to Upper Tanana | K → TŠ / ! _$
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| 29.1.1.1.40 Proto-Athabaskan to Tsetsaut | K Q → TŠ K
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| 29.1.1.1.41 Proto-Athabaskan to Northern Tutchone | K → TŠ (although /xʲ/ remained as such in a few dialects)
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| 29.1.1.1.42 Proto-Athabaskan to Southern Tutchone | K → TŠ (although /xʲ/ remained as such in a few dialects)
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| 29.1.2 Proto-Athabaskan-Eyak to Eyak | Kʷ → K
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| 36 Sino-Tibetan | 36.1 Proto-Sino-Tibetan to Middle Chinese | Kw → Kʷ- / _a-
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| Kwə- → Kʷɨ-
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| 36.3.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to bTshan La | t d Nt Nd st sd çT tr (ç)dr KT → tʰ t Ntʰ md zd st çtj trh (ç)tr kt
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| k sk kr ɡ Pɡ sɡ Nɡ (s)ɡr çK rK Kç → kʰ zɡw dr Nɡ pk sk mk (s)kr çk rɡj ɡçkr
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| K → ʔ / _s
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| K → k / _ç
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| NTS PTS KTS sTS çTS → {Ndz,mts} kts(ʰ) ptsʰ sts {sts,rj}
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| 36.3.2.1.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Chos Kia | t st tr d sd (ç)dr Nt çT KT → t. s.d tr. t s.t (ç.)tr m.t. n.dr ɡ.t
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| çK → ç.k
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| sk rK → j sɡ
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| K → ɡ. / _ç
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| Kts → ɡ.tsʰ.
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| ts (r)dz dʒ PTS KTS sTS çTS → {tsʰ,s} (r)ts tsʰ ɡ.ts s.{ts,pj} {s.ts,br}
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| 36.3.2.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Kham To | ts {dz,KTS} NTS rdz dzl dʒ → s ts {dz,mtʃ.} rts tsl tʃ.
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| 36.3.2.2.2 Proto-rGyalrongic to lCog Rtse | (N)t (N)d st sd KT çT tr dr çtr → (N)tʰ mt zd st kt çt(j) trh tr çtr
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| (P)ɡ sɡ çK Nɡ k sk rk (s)ɡj (ʔ)kj → (p)k sk çk mk kʰ zɡ Nɡ (s)kj (ʔ)kʰj
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| Nkj (s)ɡr Kç kr skr ɡr → mɡj (s)kr ɡçkr kʰr zɡr Nɡr
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| K → ʔ / _s
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| N P K → m p k / _ç
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| ts (r)dz dzl dʒ NTS PTS Kts KTS sTS çTS → tsʰ (r)ts Ndz tsl ts ptç ktç kts sts {s,ç}ts
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| 36.3.2.2.4 Proto-rGyalrongic to Suo Mo | Nt tr d KT çT → mt. tʂ t kt ʃt
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| kr rk {rK,Pɡ} ɡ Pɡ sɡ → k.r rk. pk k sk
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| 36.3.2.2.6 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tsa Ku Nao | k {sɡ,çK} Nɡ rK → k. sk mɡ nk
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| ts dz NTS KTS sTS → tʃ ts {ts,m} ɡts sp
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| 36.3.2.2.7 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tzu Ta | {d,KT} st → tʃ zdʒ
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| çK → ʂk
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| NTS KTS lTS → mʈʂ {kts,ʈʂʰ} bɖʐ
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| 36.3.2.2.8 Proto-rGyalrongic to Wassu | d KT → l kt
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| 38 Tai-Kadai | 38.1.1.1 Proto-Tai to Ahom | xʷ Kʷ → {kʰ,x} K(ʷ)
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