Index Diachronica: involving /K/

75 results from /K/   37 results to /K/   54 results with context involving /K/   

plain K[-voice]

from /K/

75 matches

6 Afro-Asiatic6.2.2.1.2 Proto-Boreafrasian to Egypto-BerberKʷ → K
10 Austronesian10.4.1 Proto-Micronesian to MarshalleseK → Kʷ / _{C[+round],V[+round]}
17 Indo-European17.2.1 Common Anatolian to HittiteḰ → K
17.2.4 Common Anatolian to LydianḰ → K
Kʷ → K / _V[+round]
17.2.5 Common Anatolian to PalaicḰ → K
17.5 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Celtic— Ḱ → K
17.5.1 Proto-Indo-European to Old IrishKʷ → K
Kʷ → K
17.10 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Indo-IranianKʷ → K
Ḱ → TŠ
17.11 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-SlavicKʷ ḱ ɡ́ → K s z
17.12.1.1.6 Vulgar Latin to Old Provençal— CVK → CVj (intermittent if C was a resonant)
K → ∅ / _l (not always, but this was a general change)
17.13 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-TocharianḰ → K
Kʷ → K / _{C,o,a} ! C = syllabic
Kʷ → ɕ / _e(ː)
Kʷy → ɕ
29 Na-Dene29.1.1.1.1 Proto-Athabaskan to AhtnaK → TŠ / in Mentasta Ahtna
29.1.1.1.3 Proto-Athabaskan to BeaverK Q → TŠ K
29.1.1.1.4 Proto-Athabaskan to Chilcotin{TŠ,TŠʷ} K → TS TŠ
29.1.1.1.5 Proto-Athabaskan to ChipewyanTS {TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TH TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.6 Proto-Athabaskan to Dakelh{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.7 Proto-Athabaskan to Deg Hit’anK → {K,TŠ}
29.1.1.1.9 Proto-Athabaskan to Dogrib{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.10 Proto-Athabaskan to Easter Gwich’inTS K → TŠ TS / _E
TS K → TH TŠ / else
29.1.1.1.11 Proto-Athabaskan to HanTS TŠ TŠʷ K Q → TH TS TṢ TŠ K
29.1.1.1.15 Proto-Athabaskan to Upper KoyukonK → TŠ
29.1.1.1.16 Proto-Athabaskan to Upper Kuskokwim KolchanTŠ TŠʷ K Q → TS TṢ TŠ K
29.1.1.1.17 Proto-Athabaskan to Sarcee{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.18 Proto-Athabaskan to Sekani{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ Q
29.1.1.1.19 Proto-Athabaskan to Proto-Southern AthabaskanK → TS
29.1.1.1.29 Proto-Athabaskan to Bearlake Slavey-Hare{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.30 Proto-Athabaskan to Hare Slavey-Hare{TŠ,TŠʷ} K → TS TŠ (with exceptions)
29.1.1.1.31 Proto-Athabaskan to Mountain Slavey-Hare{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.32 Proto-Athabaskan to Slavey Slavey-Hare{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.34 Tahltan-Kaska-Tagish to KaskaK → TŠ (although /xʲ/ stays as such in a few dialects)
29.1.1.1.36 Tahltan-Kaska-Tagish to Tahltan{TŠʷ,K} → TŠ (although /xʲ/ stays as such in a few dialects)
29.1.1.1.37 Proto-Athabaskan to TanacrossK → TŠ / ! _$
29.1.1.1.38 Proto-Athabaskan to Lower TananaK → TŠ / ! _$
29.1.1.1.39 Proto-Athabaskan to Upper TananaK → TŠ / ! _$
29.1.1.1.40 Proto-Athabaskan to TsetsautK Q → TŠ K
29.1.1.1.41 Proto-Athabaskan to Northern TutchoneK → TŠ (although /xʲ/ remained as such in a few dialects)
29.1.1.1.42 Proto-Athabaskan to Southern TutchoneK → TŠ (although /xʲ/ remained as such in a few dialects)
29.1.2 Proto-Athabaskan-Eyak to EyakKʷ → K
36 Sino-Tibetan36.1 Proto-Sino-Tibetan to Middle ChineseKw → Kʷ- / _a-
Kwə- → Kʷɨ-
36.3.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to bTshan Lat d Nt Nd st sd çT tr (ç)dr KT → tʰ t Ntʰ md zd st çtj trh (ç)tr kt
k sk kr ɡ Pɡ sɡ Nɡ (s)ɡr çK rK Kç → kʰ zɡw dr Nɡ pk sk mk (s)kr çk rɡj ɡçkr
K → ʔ / _s
K → k / _ç
NTS PTS KTS sTS çTS → {Ndz,mts} kts(ʰ) ptsʰ sts {sts,rj}
36.3.2.1.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Chos Kiat st tr d sd (ç)dr Nt çT KT → t. s.d tr. t s.t (ç.)tr m.t. n.dr ɡ.t
çK → ç.k
sk rK → j sɡ
K → ɡ. / _ç
Kts → ɡ.tsʰ.
ts (r)dz dʒ PTS KTS sTS çTS → {tsʰ,s} (r)ts tsʰ ɡ.ts s.{ts,pj} {s.ts,br}
36.3.2.2.1 Proto-rGyalrongic to Kham Tots {dz,KTS} NTS rdz dzl dʒ → s ts {dz,mtʃ.} rts tsl tʃ.
36.3.2.2.2 Proto-rGyalrongic to lCog Rtse(N)t (N)d st sd KT çT tr dr çtr → (N)tʰ mt zd st kt çt(j) trh tr çtr
(P)ɡ sɡ çK Nɡ k sk rk (s)ɡj (ʔ)kj → (p)k sk çk mk kʰ zɡ Nɡ (s)kj (ʔ)kʰj
Nkj (s)ɡr Kç kr skr ɡr → mɡj (s)kr ɡçkr kʰr zɡr Nɡr
K → ʔ / _s
N P K → m p k / _ç
ts (r)dz dzl dʒ NTS PTS Kts KTS sTS çTS → tsʰ (r)ts Ndz tsl ts ptç ktç kts sts {s,ç}ts
36.3.2.2.4 Proto-rGyalrongic to Suo MoNt tr d KT çT → mt. tʂ t kt ʃt
kr rk {rK,Pɡ} ɡ Pɡ sɡ → k.r rk. pk k sk
36.3.2.2.6 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tsa Ku Naok {sɡ,çK} Nɡ rK → k. sk mɡ nk
ts dz NTS KTS sTS → tʃ ts {ts,m} ɡts sp
36.3.2.2.7 Proto-rGyalrongic to Tzu Ta{d,KT} st → tʃ zdʒ
çK → ʂk
NTS KTS lTS → mʈʂ {kts,ʈʂʰ} bɖʐ
36.3.2.2.8 Proto-rGyalrongic to Wassud KT → l kt
38 Tai-Kadai38.1.1.1 Proto-Tai to Ahomxʷ Kʷ → {kʰ,x} K(ʷ)

to /K/

37 matches

6 Afro-Asiatic6.2.2.1.2 Proto-Boreafrasian to Egypto-BerberKʷ → K
10 Austronesian10.4.1 Proto-Micronesian to MarshalleseK → Kʷ / _{C[+round],V[+round]}
17 Indo-European17.2.1 Common Anatolian to HittiteḰ → K
17.2.4 Common Anatolian to LydianḰ → K
Kʷ → K / _V[+round]
17.2.5 Common Anatolian to PalaicḰ → K
17.5 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Celtic— Ḱ → K
17.5.1 Proto-Indo-European to Old IrishKʷ → K
Kʷ → K
17.10 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Indo-IranianKʷ → K
17.11 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-SlavicKʷ ḱ ɡ́ → K s z
17.13 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-TocharianḰ → K
Kʷ → K / _{C,o,a} ! C = syllabic
29 Na-Dene29.1.1.1.3 Proto-Athabaskan to BeaverK Q → TŠ K
29.1.1.1.5 Proto-Athabaskan to ChipewyanTS {TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TH TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.6 Proto-Athabaskan to Dakelh{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.7 Proto-Athabaskan to Deg Hit’anK → {K,TŠ}
29.1.1.1.9 Proto-Athabaskan to Dogrib{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.10 Proto-Athabaskan to Easter Gwich’inTŠ TŠʷ Q → TS TṢ K
29.1.1.1.11 Proto-Athabaskan to HanTS TŠ TŠʷ K Q → TH TS TṢ TŠ K
29.1.1.1.16 Proto-Athabaskan to Upper Kuskokwim KolchanTŠ TŠʷ K Q → TS TṢ TŠ K
29.1.1.1.17 Proto-Athabaskan to Sarcee{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.29 Proto-Athabaskan to Bearlake Slavey-Hare{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.30 Proto-Athabaskan to Hare Slavey-HareQ → K
29.1.1.1.31 Proto-Athabaskan to Mountain Slavey-Hare{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.32 Proto-Athabaskan to Slavey Slavey-Hare{TŠ,TŠʷ} K Q → TS TŠ K
29.1.1.1.33 Proto-Athabaskan to Tahltan-Kaska-TagishQ → K
29.1.1.1.37 Proto-Athabaskan to TanacrossTS TŠ TŠʷ Q → TH TS TṢ K
29.1.1.1.38 Proto-Athabaskan to Lower TananaTS TŠ TŠᵚ Q → TH TS TṢ K
29.1.1.1.39 Proto-Athabaskan to Upper TananaTS TŠ TŠʷ Q → TH TS TṢ K
29.1.1.1.40 Proto-Athabaskan to TsetsautK Q → TŠ K
29.1.1.1.41 Proto-Athabaskan to Northern TutchoneQ → K
29.1.1.1.42 Proto-Athabaskan to Southern TutchoneQ → K
29.1.2 Proto-Athabaskan-Eyak to EyakKʷ → K
36 Sino-Tibetan36.1 Proto-Sino-Tibetan to Middle ChineseKw → Kʷ- / _a-
Kwə- → Kʷɨ-
38 Tai-Kadai38.1.1.1 Proto-Tai to Ahomxʷ Kʷ → {kʰ,x} K(ʷ)

with context involving /K/

54 matches

6 Afro-Asiatic6.1.1 Proto-Omotic to North OmoticVː → V / #K[-voice]_C
6.2.2.1.2 Proto-Boreafrasian to Egypto-Berber{h,ħ} → ʔ / KV_
6.2.2.1.4 Proto-Boreafrasian to Proto-Semiticʔ → ʕ / #K_r#
9 Austroasiatic9.1.2.2 Middle Vietnamese to Saigon Vietnameseə(ː) ɛ → ɨ ɛə / _K
10 Austronesian10.3.11.1 Proto-Southern Vanuatu to Anejome → i / Ḱ_ “[tendency]”
e → i / _Ḱ “[tendency]”
10.3.11.2.1 Proto-Erromango to Syee → o / K_
e → o / _K
16 Extended West Papuan16.1.1 Proto-Tabla-Sentani to Nafrie → æ / {P,K}_
ə → æ / ! _{B,K,H}
16.1.2 Proto-Tabla-Sentani to Central Sentanie → æ / {P,K}_
ə → æ / ! _{B,K,H}
16.1.3 Proto-Tabla-Sentani to Eastern Sentanie → æ / {P,K}_
ə → æ / ! _{B,K,H}
16.1.4 Proto-Tabla-Sentani to Western Sentanie → æ / {P,K}_
ə → æ / ! _{B,K,H}
17 Indo-European17.7.2.1.5 Early Modern English to American Englishɒ → ɔ / _K “(partial)”
17.7.2.1.10 Old English to Scotsoː → iu / _K
ɪ → ɜ / _{K,r}
17.7.3.1 Proto-Norse to Old Norsej → ∅ / Ḱ_
a → e / _{i,j,Ḱ}
eː → e / Ḱ_
17.7.3.1.3 Old Norse to Shetland Norn{u,o}(ː) a aː {ɒ,œ,y} e i(ː) → {o,ɔ}(i) æ(i) {ɔ,ɒ}(i) {o,ɔ}(i) {æ,e} / _{Ḱ,Cʲ}
{ɒ,ey} j{u,o,a}ː yː → o ø u / Ḱ_
a → {o,ɔ} / _{K,r} (! K = w ?)
æ → e / ! _{Ḱ,Cʲ}
17.11.1 Proto-Slavic to Polishъl → ɛɫ / K_
17.13 Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Tochariani → ə / {P,K(ʷ),s}_
17.13.1 Proto-Tocharian to Tocharian AV → [+ round] / Kʷ_
34 Quechumaran34.1 Proto-Quechumaran to Ayachucoʈʂ → s / _K
34.2 Proto-Quechumaran to Boliviaʈʂ → s / _K
34.3 Proto-Quechumaran to Cuzcoʈʂ → s / _K
34.4 Proto-Quechumaran to Huarásʈʂ → s / _K
34.6 Proto-Quechumaran to Quitoʈʂ → ʃ / _K
34.7 Proto-Quechumaran to Riobambaʈʂ → s / _K
34.8 Proto-Quechumaran to Santiagoʈʂ → ʃ / _K
34.9 Proto-Quechumaran to Tenaʈʂ → ʃ / _K
35 Salishan35.1.8 Proto-Central Salish to Lummi Northern Straitsa3 → o3 / {{C[+ uvular],K}ʷ,w}_
35.1.9 Proto-Central Salish to Saanich Northern Straitsa3 → e3 / ! {{C[+ uvular],K}ʷ,w}_ or when _{Cu,C[+ uvular]ʷ,w}
35.1.10 Proto-Central Salish to Songish Northern Straitsa3 → a3 / {{C[+ uvular],K}ʷ,w}_
35.1.11 Proto-Central Salish to Sooke Northern Straitsa3 → {a3,o3} / {{C[+ uvular],K}ʷ,w}_
36 Sino-Tibetan36.1.1 Late Middle Chinese to Old MandarinC → Cʲ / {K,C[+pharyngeal]}_{a,a(ch)}
36.3.1.1 Proto-Naish to Lazea → wɤ / {K,ŋ}w_%
a → ie / ! K_%
36.3.1.2 Proto-Naish to Mosuo (Na)a → wɤ / {K,ŋ}w_%
a → i / ! K_%
i → ɯ / {R,Kr}_
36.3.1.3 Proto-Naish to Naxia → wa / {K,ŋ}w_%
a → e / ! K_%
37 Siouan-Iroquoian37.1.2.3 Proto-Northern Iroquoian to OnondagaV → Vː / _KRV “in the second syllable of a word”
38 Tai-Kadai38.1.1.1 Proto-Tai to Ahomr → l / K_
38.1.1.4 Proto-Tai to North Taiɨ̆ → a / _K
38.1.1.4.2 North Tai to Po-Aiɨ̆ → a / _K
45 Yuman-Cochimı́45.1.3 Proto-Pai to Tipaiu → o / _K