Examples for location in Lwaitel

Contents

Location

The cat is next to the box.
  
An myau swan lenk'al piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn lŋ̩.ˈkɜl ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox lenk=albeside=med piuleng.box.

"Next to" (or "beside") is just a simple preposition, lenk. The equivalent noun phrase ("the cat next to the box") would just be an myau lenk al piuleng.

The cat is inside the box.
 
An myau swan pe piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn pə̆p.ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox pe=piuleng.at=box.

When used with an object (rather than a location), pe means "in".

  
An myau swan pe chius piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn pə̆ʧ.ˈʧɪʉs ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox pe=chiusat=inside piuleng.box.

If you want to clarify or focus that the cat is inside the box, and not any other relation to it, you can add the word "tius".

The cat is close to the left of the box.
   
An myau swan lenk sápchem al piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn lŋ̩k.ˈsap.ʧm̩ ˈal ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox lenk=sápchembeside=left almed piuleng.box.

A direction word can come directly after the preposition. With lenk "by", it means that the thing is close to the other thing and on the specified side.

The cat is close to the left of the box from my perspective (i.e., my left).
    
An myau swan lenk sápchem al piuleng hu kú.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn lŋ̩k.ˈsap.ʧm̩ ˈal ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩ hu.ˈku]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox lenk=sápchembeside=left almed piulengbox hu=.exp=I/me.

A prepositional phrase starting with hu can come directly after a phrase talking about a direction (left or right, also up and down when talking about outer space) to indicate whose perspective this is from.

The cat is directly to the south of the box.
     
An myau swan lenk sápchem al piuleng hu hyángu.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn lŋ̩k.ˈsap.ʧm̩ ˈal ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩ hu.ˈçæ.ŋu]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox lenk=sápchembeside=left almed piulengbox hu=hyángu.exp=map.

Hu hyangu specifies that the perspective being used is that of a map, oriented the way maps are usually oriented in this world (west = up).

*      
An myau swan lenk sápchem al piuleng hu'al hyángu.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn lŋ̩k.ˈsap.ʧm̩ ˈal ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩ ˈhwɑl ˈçæ.ŋu]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox lenk=sápchembeside=left almed piulengbox hu=alexp=med hyángu.map.

Hu hyangu is a set phrase, so demonstratives, determiners, and other adjectives are not used with hyangu.

The cat is far to the left of the box.
  
An myau swan pe sápchem al piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn pə̆s.ˈsap.ʧm̩ ˈal ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox pe=sápchemat=left almed piuleng.box.

With the preposition pe "in, at", a direction specifies that the item is in that direction, but not necessarily close by.

   
An myau swan sápchem kel'al piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn ˈsap.ʧm̩ kl̩.ˈlal ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox sápchemleft kel=alfrom=med piuleng.box.

This is similar; it uses sapchem as an adjective with its comparative form. Unlike the pe form, this only talks about one axis; that is, for example, the cat may also be far above the box or far in front of it.

   
An myau swan pe kal sápchem al piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn pə̆k.ˈkɜl ˈsap.ʧm̩ ˈal ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox pe=kalat=away sápchemleft almed piuleng.box.

...this also specifies that it's far away. (TODO is this right?)

The cat is far away from the box.
   
An myau swan kálkel hu'al piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn ˈkɜl.kl̩ ˈhwɑl ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox kálkelfar_away hu=alexp=med piuleng.box.

This uses the adjective kalkel; using this adjective, the object being compared to is specified using the preposition hu.

The cat is inside the box, on the left side.
   
An myau swan pe chius sápchem al piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn pə̆ʧ.ˈʧɪʉs ˈsap.ʧm̩ ˈal ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox pe=chiusat=inside sápchemleft almed piuleng.box.

Multiple direction-type words can be used together.

The cat is between the dog and the box.
   
An myau swan p'al húpep ngim al piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn ˈpal ˈhu.pʊ̜̆p ˈŋim ˈal ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox pe=alat=med húpepdog ngimmiddle almed piuleng.box.

The word for "between" acts sort of like a conjunction, going between the two nouns.

The cat is between the the two boxes.
  2 
An myau swan pe ngim al he na piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn pŋ̩.ˈŋim ˈal hn̩.ˈna ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox pe=ngimat=middle almed he=nacard=2 piuleng.box.
The cat is on the other side of the box from me.
 
An myau swan p'ípwenk al piuleng.
[ˈan ˈmjæo ˈswɑn ˈpi.pwŋ̩k ˈal ˈpɪʉ.lŋ̩]
anprox myaucat swa-enbe-prox pe=ípwenkat=late almed piuleng.box.

Ípwenk usually refers to time, but it also has a metaphorical extension into space meaning "beyond"/"past".

Orientation

I am facing the cat.
 
Swáku súngi an myau.
[ˈswɑ.ku ˈsu.ŋɨ ˈan ˈmjæo]
swa-kube-1 súngitowards anprox myau.cat.

While this wouldn't make sense in English, the preposition meaning "towards" can apply to nouns as well as verbs.